Green-chemistry of by-products from Sai-Nam-Phueng orange in Thailand (1): Recovering a valuable source of bioactive compounds using response surface methodology, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity
Citrus reticulata Blanco, specifically Sai-Nam-Phueng orange traditionally considered by-products, are rich in phytochemicals — limonoids, flavonoids. This study compared seeds and peels for the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. Using single-factor experiments and response surface meth...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Waste Management Bulletin |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949750724000889 |
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| Summary: | Citrus reticulata Blanco, specifically Sai-Nam-Phueng orange traditionally considered by-products, are rich in phytochemicals — limonoids, flavonoids. This study compared seeds and peels for the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. Using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM), the effects of ethanol concentration, solvent-to-solid ratio, and temperature on extract yield were optimized. The study found optimal conditions to be 70.50 % ethanol, 28.11 mL/g solvent-to-solid ratio, and 69.99 °C. Experimental values are in reasonable agreement with predicted values. Phytochemical contents were characterized using HPLC, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy, successfully demonstrating efficient of purified compounds from orange by-products and cost-effective extraction methods.Kewords: Antioxidant, Green-extractions, Phytochemicals, Response Surface Methodology, Cytotoxicity. |
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| ISSN: | 2949-7507 |