Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany

Current technological developments for the energy transition are becoming increasingly digitalised as they integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Nonetheless, we know little about how these digitalisation processes occur. This paper aims to understand the role of heterogeneous a...

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Main Authors: Sabrina Paustian, Julia Köhlke, Jannika Mattes, Sebastian Lehnhoff
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Cleaner Engineering and Technology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666790825000539
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author Sabrina Paustian
Julia Köhlke
Jannika Mattes
Sebastian Lehnhoff
author_facet Sabrina Paustian
Julia Köhlke
Jannika Mattes
Sebastian Lehnhoff
author_sort Sabrina Paustian
collection DOAJ
description Current technological developments for the energy transition are becoming increasingly digitalised as they integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Nonetheless, we know little about how these digitalisation processes occur. This paper aims to understand the role of heterogeneous actors in a specific digitalisation process, namely the rollout of smart meters in Germany. Smart meters are widely considered as a key technology to both the digitalisation of the energy sector and a further acceleration of the energy transition. As the smart meter rollout in Germany did not occur smoothly, we argue that there is more to that than technological and legal aspects. Instead, the involved actors such as producers, public authorities and distribution system operators (DSO) with diverse knowledge and interests are key to understanding the implementation inefficiencies, i.e.in this case: a significant delay. To disentangle these challenges, we draw on Boschma (2005) proximity model. It offers a multi-faceted view of actor heterogeneity by considering five different aspects: cognitive, organisational, institutional, social and geographical proximities. Our case study with expert interviews reveals multiple reasons for the delay, including knowledge boundaries, new business models or working practices. Disentangling these, the paper shows the importance of actor constellations in digitalisation processes in the energy transition and thereby contributes to the debate on the interrelatedness of digitalisation and transitions.
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spelling doaj-art-a33f764d62a54f4fa3c25995ca0e47ba2025-08-20T01:51:00ZengElsevierCleaner Engineering and Technology2666-79082025-05-012610093010.1016/j.clet.2025.100930Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in GermanySabrina Paustian0Julia Köhlke1Jannika Mattes2Sebastian Lehnhoff3Institute of Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany; Corresponding author.OFFIS – Institute of Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121, Oldenburg, GermanyInstitute of Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26111, Oldenburg, GermanyDepartment of Computing Science, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany; OFFIS – Institute of Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121, Oldenburg, GermanyCurrent technological developments for the energy transition are becoming increasingly digitalised as they integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Nonetheless, we know little about how these digitalisation processes occur. This paper aims to understand the role of heterogeneous actors in a specific digitalisation process, namely the rollout of smart meters in Germany. Smart meters are widely considered as a key technology to both the digitalisation of the energy sector and a further acceleration of the energy transition. As the smart meter rollout in Germany did not occur smoothly, we argue that there is more to that than technological and legal aspects. Instead, the involved actors such as producers, public authorities and distribution system operators (DSO) with diverse knowledge and interests are key to understanding the implementation inefficiencies, i.e.in this case: a significant delay. To disentangle these challenges, we draw on Boschma (2005) proximity model. It offers a multi-faceted view of actor heterogeneity by considering five different aspects: cognitive, organisational, institutional, social and geographical proximities. Our case study with expert interviews reveals multiple reasons for the delay, including knowledge boundaries, new business models or working practices. Disentangling these, the paper shows the importance of actor constellations in digitalisation processes in the energy transition and thereby contributes to the debate on the interrelatedness of digitalisation and transitions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666790825000539Smart meter rolloutEnergy transitionProximitiesHeterogeneitySmart gridsDigitalisation
spellingShingle Sabrina Paustian
Julia Köhlke
Jannika Mattes
Sebastian Lehnhoff
Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany
Cleaner Engineering and Technology
Smart meter rollout
Energy transition
Proximities
Heterogeneity
Smart grids
Digitalisation
title Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany
title_full Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany
title_fullStr Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany
title_full_unstemmed Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany
title_short Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany
title_sort ready set rollout the role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in germany
topic Smart meter rollout
Energy transition
Proximities
Heterogeneity
Smart grids
Digitalisation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666790825000539
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