Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing

Seed shattering (SS) functions are a survival mechanism in plants, enabling them to withstand adverse environmental conditions and ensure reproduction. However, this trait limits seed yield. <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i>, a perennial forage grass with many favorable traits, is constraine...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yuru Lv, Lan Yun, Xiaodi Jia, Yixin Mu, Zhen Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/24/3474
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850239021140148224
author Yuru Lv
Lan Yun
Xiaodi Jia
Yixin Mu
Zhen Li
author_facet Yuru Lv
Lan Yun
Xiaodi Jia
Yixin Mu
Zhen Li
author_sort Yuru Lv
collection DOAJ
description Seed shattering (SS) functions are a survival mechanism in plants, enabling them to withstand adverse environmental conditions and ensure reproduction. However, this trait limits seed yield. <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i>, a perennial forage grass with many favorable traits, is constrained by SS, limiting its broader application. To investigate the mechanisms underlying SS, second-generation Illumina sequencing and third-generation PacBio sequencing were conducted on abscission zone tissues of <i>P. juncea</i> at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after heading. GO enrichment analysis identified several significant biological processes, including the “cell wall macromolecule catabolic process”, “cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process”, “hemicellulose catabolic process”, and “xylan catabolic process”, all involved in cell wall degradation. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were predominantly enriched in pathways related to “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “fructose and mannose metabolism”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “pentose and glucuronate interconversions”, and “galactose metabolism”, each linked to both the synthesis and degradation of the cell wall. Further analysis of the “starch and sucrose metabolism” pathway revealed genes encoding fructokinase, hexokinase, β-glucosidase, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and endoglucanase, all of which affected cellulose content. Reduced cellulose content can alter cell wall structure, leading to SS. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of SS in <i>P. juncea</i> and offer valuable references for other species within the Poaceae family.
format Article
id doaj-art-a335e8bf755c4da0b4396563967c3b6e
institution OA Journals
issn 2223-7747
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Plants
spelling doaj-art-a335e8bf755c4da0b4396563967c3b6e2025-08-20T02:01:16ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-12-011324347410.3390/plants13243474Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome SequencingYuru Lv0Lan Yun1Xiaodi Jia2Yixin Mu3Zhen Li4College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaSeed shattering (SS) functions are a survival mechanism in plants, enabling them to withstand adverse environmental conditions and ensure reproduction. However, this trait limits seed yield. <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i>, a perennial forage grass with many favorable traits, is constrained by SS, limiting its broader application. To investigate the mechanisms underlying SS, second-generation Illumina sequencing and third-generation PacBio sequencing were conducted on abscission zone tissues of <i>P. juncea</i> at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after heading. GO enrichment analysis identified several significant biological processes, including the “cell wall macromolecule catabolic process”, “cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process”, “hemicellulose catabolic process”, and “xylan catabolic process”, all involved in cell wall degradation. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were predominantly enriched in pathways related to “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “fructose and mannose metabolism”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “pentose and glucuronate interconversions”, and “galactose metabolism”, each linked to both the synthesis and degradation of the cell wall. Further analysis of the “starch and sucrose metabolism” pathway revealed genes encoding fructokinase, hexokinase, β-glucosidase, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and endoglucanase, all of which affected cellulose content. Reduced cellulose content can alter cell wall structure, leading to SS. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of SS in <i>P. juncea</i> and offer valuable references for other species within the Poaceae family.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/24/3474<i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i>seed shatteringfull-length transcriptomesynthesis of cellulose
spellingShingle Yuru Lv
Lan Yun
Xiaodi Jia
Yixin Mu
Zhen Li
Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing
Plants
<i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i>
seed shattering
full-length transcriptome
synthesis of cellulose
title Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing
title_full Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing
title_fullStr Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing
title_short Transcriptome Analysis of the Seed Shattering Mechanism in <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i> Using Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing
title_sort transcriptome analysis of the seed shattering mechanism in i psathyrostachys juncea i using full length transcriptome sequencing
topic <i>Psathyrostachys juncea</i>
seed shattering
full-length transcriptome
synthesis of cellulose
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/24/3474
work_keys_str_mv AT yurulv transcriptomeanalysisoftheseedshatteringmechanisminipsathyrostachysjunceaiusingfulllengthtranscriptomesequencing
AT lanyun transcriptomeanalysisoftheseedshatteringmechanisminipsathyrostachysjunceaiusingfulllengthtranscriptomesequencing
AT xiaodijia transcriptomeanalysisoftheseedshatteringmechanisminipsathyrostachysjunceaiusingfulllengthtranscriptomesequencing
AT yixinmu transcriptomeanalysisoftheseedshatteringmechanisminipsathyrostachysjunceaiusingfulllengthtranscriptomesequencing
AT zhenli transcriptomeanalysisoftheseedshatteringmechanisminipsathyrostachysjunceaiusingfulllengthtranscriptomesequencing