A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial

Background Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders. We developed a lifestyle intervention, named LIFT, aimed at improving lifestyle habits (physical activity, diet, alcohol and tobacco use, stress, sleep) and reducing cardiometabolic ri...

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Main Authors: Anna Holmberg, Matthias Lidin, Dante Lenninger, Sofia Asplund, Catharina Lavebratt, Christian Rück, Lina Martinsson, David Mataix-Cols, Lorena Fernández de la Cruz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2025-09-01
Series:BJPsych Open
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Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472425107746/type/journal_article
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author Anna Holmberg
Matthias Lidin
Dante Lenninger
Sofia Asplund
Catharina Lavebratt
Christian Rück
Lina Martinsson
David Mataix-Cols
Lorena Fernández de la Cruz
author_facet Anna Holmberg
Matthias Lidin
Dante Lenninger
Sofia Asplund
Catharina Lavebratt
Christian Rück
Lina Martinsson
David Mataix-Cols
Lorena Fernández de la Cruz
author_sort Anna Holmberg
collection DOAJ
description Background Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders. We developed a lifestyle intervention, named LIFT, aimed at improving lifestyle habits (physical activity, diet, alcohol and tobacco use, stress, sleep) and reducing cardiometabolic risk factors in OCD. Aims This study aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of LIFT, evaluate its preliminary efficacy and explore experiences of participation. Method Individuals with OCD and at least three cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g. physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, overweight/obesity, dyslipidaemia) were offered LIFT, consisting of one individual session to set individual goals, six educational group sessions and 12 exercise group sessions, delivered over 3 months. We collected baseline, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up measures. Preliminary efficacy variables were analysed with linear mixed models and within-group effect sizes. Qualitative interviews were conducted. Results Out of 147 screened individuals, 25 were included (68% women, mean age 37.4, s.d. = 10.9). Credibility and satisfaction were high, attrition rates were low (16%) and the programme was generally safe. Recruitment and adherence to the intervention were challenging. Statistically significant improvements were observed in dietary habits, alcohol consumption, stress, OCD symptom severity and general functioning (within-group effect sizes ranging from 0.27 to 0.56). No changes were observed in physical activity, sleep or any physiological or laboratory measures. Conclusions Overall, LIFT was a feasible intervention for individuals with OCD. Effects on lifestyle habits, mental health and functioning are promising. Fully powered randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate its efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
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spelling doaj-art-a3279230aafd4eb0928fb09d9e82f55b2025-08-20T03:15:55ZengCambridge University PressBJPsych Open2056-47242025-09-011110.1192/bjo.2025.10774A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trialAnna Holmberg0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9548-7263Matthias Lidin1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2297-5621Dante Lenninger2Sofia Asplund3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2666-5329Catharina Lavebratt4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4987-2718Christian Rück5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-0168Lina Martinsson6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-2773David Mataix-Cols7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4545-0924Lorena Fernández de la Cruz8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1571-5485Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, SwedenStockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Cardiology, Heart, Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenStockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, SwedenCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden Background Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders. We developed a lifestyle intervention, named LIFT, aimed at improving lifestyle habits (physical activity, diet, alcohol and tobacco use, stress, sleep) and reducing cardiometabolic risk factors in OCD. Aims This study aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of LIFT, evaluate its preliminary efficacy and explore experiences of participation. Method Individuals with OCD and at least three cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g. physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, overweight/obesity, dyslipidaemia) were offered LIFT, consisting of one individual session to set individual goals, six educational group sessions and 12 exercise group sessions, delivered over 3 months. We collected baseline, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up measures. Preliminary efficacy variables were analysed with linear mixed models and within-group effect sizes. Qualitative interviews were conducted. Results Out of 147 screened individuals, 25 were included (68% women, mean age 37.4, s.d. = 10.9). Credibility and satisfaction were high, attrition rates were low (16%) and the programme was generally safe. Recruitment and adherence to the intervention were challenging. Statistically significant improvements were observed in dietary habits, alcohol consumption, stress, OCD symptom severity and general functioning (within-group effect sizes ranging from 0.27 to 0.56). No changes were observed in physical activity, sleep or any physiological or laboratory measures. Conclusions Overall, LIFT was a feasible intervention for individuals with OCD. Effects on lifestyle habits, mental health and functioning are promising. Fully powered randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate its efficacy and cost-effectiveness. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472425107746/type/journal_articleObsessive–compulsive disordercardiometabolic risk factorslifestyle interventionpreventionfeasibility trial
spellingShingle Anna Holmberg
Matthias Lidin
Dante Lenninger
Sofia Asplund
Catharina Lavebratt
Christian Rück
Lina Martinsson
David Mataix-Cols
Lorena Fernández de la Cruz
A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial
BJPsych Open
Obsessive–compulsive disorder
cardiometabolic risk factors
lifestyle intervention
prevention
feasibility trial
title A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial
title_full A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial
title_fullStr A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial
title_full_unstemmed A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial
title_short A structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder: feasibility trial
title_sort structured lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder feasibility trial
topic Obsessive–compulsive disorder
cardiometabolic risk factors
lifestyle intervention
prevention
feasibility trial
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472425107746/type/journal_article
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