Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies
Infectious scleritis is a severe and potentially vision-threatening inflammation of the sclera caused by microbial invasion. Unlike autoimmune scleritis, infectious scleritis is less common with a prevalence of 5%–10% of all cases of scleritis. The initial clinical presentation may often resemble au...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fopht.2025.1493831/full |
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| author | Supriya Sharma Jay U. Sheth Somasheila I. Murthy Somasheila I. Murthy |
| author_facet | Supriya Sharma Jay U. Sheth Somasheila I. Murthy Somasheila I. Murthy |
| author_sort | Supriya Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious scleritis is a severe and potentially vision-threatening inflammation of the sclera caused by microbial invasion. Unlike autoimmune scleritis, infectious scleritis is less common with a prevalence of 5%–10% of all cases of scleritis. The initial clinical presentation may often resemble autoimmune scleritis, thus resulting in a delayed diagnosis and poorer outcomes. A high level of suspicion is required in such cases and risk factors such as with a history of trauma or surgery and worsening or refractory to immunosuppressive medications as these may well be infectious. While in established cases, the classical clinical features enable us to diagnose as infectious etiology without much difficulty, the management remains a challenge. Majority of these cases require an aggressive approach with a combination of antimicrobial therapy and surgical treatment. Poor prognostic factors include delayed diagnosis, fungal etiology, and the presence of keratitis or endophthalmitis. In this review, the authors have summarized the prevalence, clinical and microbiological profile, and management strategies of infectious scleritis and their outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a3007279edb2430b807799f1e7906c1e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2674-0826 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a3007279edb2430b807799f1e7906c1e2025-02-07T06:49:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ophthalmology2674-08262025-02-01510.3389/fopht.2025.14938311493831Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategiesSupriya Sharma0Jay U. Sheth1Somasheila I. Murthy2Somasheila I. Murthy3Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Shantilal Shanghvi Eye Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaDepartment of Vitreo-retina Services, Shantilal Shanghvi Eye Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaDepartment of Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Shantilal Shanghvi Eye Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaShantilal Shanghvi Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaInfectious scleritis is a severe and potentially vision-threatening inflammation of the sclera caused by microbial invasion. Unlike autoimmune scleritis, infectious scleritis is less common with a prevalence of 5%–10% of all cases of scleritis. The initial clinical presentation may often resemble autoimmune scleritis, thus resulting in a delayed diagnosis and poorer outcomes. A high level of suspicion is required in such cases and risk factors such as with a history of trauma or surgery and worsening or refractory to immunosuppressive medications as these may well be infectious. While in established cases, the classical clinical features enable us to diagnose as infectious etiology without much difficulty, the management remains a challenge. Majority of these cases require an aggressive approach with a combination of antimicrobial therapy and surgical treatment. Poor prognostic factors include delayed diagnosis, fungal etiology, and the presence of keratitis or endophthalmitis. In this review, the authors have summarized the prevalence, clinical and microbiological profile, and management strategies of infectious scleritis and their outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fopht.2025.1493831/fullinfectious scleritisscleral debridementpseudomonas scleritisfungal scleritismanagement of infectious scleritismicrobiological profile of infectious scleritis |
| spellingShingle | Supriya Sharma Jay U. Sheth Somasheila I. Murthy Somasheila I. Murthy Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies Frontiers in Ophthalmology infectious scleritis scleral debridement pseudomonas scleritis fungal scleritis management of infectious scleritis microbiological profile of infectious scleritis |
| title | Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies |
| title_full | Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies |
| title_fullStr | Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies |
| title_short | Infectious scleritis: a review of etiologies, clinical features, and management strategies |
| title_sort | infectious scleritis a review of etiologies clinical features and management strategies |
| topic | infectious scleritis scleral debridement pseudomonas scleritis fungal scleritis management of infectious scleritis microbiological profile of infectious scleritis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fopht.2025.1493831/full |
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