Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized as a condition with multisystem involvement, including psychiatric comorbidities. Tobacco smoking, a primary etiological factor for COPD, may also predispose individuals to psychological distress. Aims and Objecti...
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| Format: | Article |
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Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Asian Journal of Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://ajmsjournal.info/index.php/AJMS/article/view/4603 |
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| author | Rohit Pathak Abhishek Pathak Manish Singh |
| author_facet | Rohit Pathak Abhishek Pathak Manish Singh |
| author_sort | Rohit Pathak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized as a condition with multisystem involvement, including psychiatric comorbidities. Tobacco smoking, a primary etiological factor for COPD, may also predispose individuals to psychological distress.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence and pattern of psychiatric comorbidities in COPD patients, evaluate smoking history, and analyze their associations with COPD severity.
Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted involving 221 COPD patients and 221 age-and gender-matched controls. Demographic profiles, smoking history (including pack-years), and psychiatric assessments were recorded. Psychiatric diagnoses were established using standard clinical interviews based on international classification of diseases, 10th edition criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests to determine associations, with significance set at P<0.05.
Results: Cases exhibited significantly higher rates of smoking, with regular smokers constituting 51.1% compared to 14.0% of controls (P=0.0001). Psychiatric comorbidities were substantially elevated in cases, notably dysthymia (35.29% vs. 17.65%; P=0.0002), generalized anxiety disorder (41.63% vs. 21.72%; P=0.0001), and recurrent depressive disorder (29.86% vs. 13.57%; P=0.0001). Higher COPD severity grades were associated with increased psychiatric morbidity (P<0.05).
Conclusion: COPD is strongly associated with a higher burden of psychiatric comorbidities and tobacco exposure. Integrating psychiatric evaluation into COPD management could enhance holistic patient care. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a2c8a3caba234bc48e945d95ac84ee51 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2467-9100 2091-0576 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Journal of Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-a2c8a3caba234bc48e945d95ac84ee512025-08-20T03:56:17ZengManipal College of Medical Sciences, PokharaAsian Journal of Medical Sciences2467-91002091-05762025-08-01168126131https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v16i8.4603Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary CenterRohit Pathak 0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5646-1442Abhishek Pathak 1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0470-0659Manish Singh 2https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3649-0708Associate Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized as a condition with multisystem involvement, including psychiatric comorbidities. Tobacco smoking, a primary etiological factor for COPD, may also predispose individuals to psychological distress. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence and pattern of psychiatric comorbidities in COPD patients, evaluate smoking history, and analyze their associations with COPD severity. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted involving 221 COPD patients and 221 age-and gender-matched controls. Demographic profiles, smoking history (including pack-years), and psychiatric assessments were recorded. Psychiatric diagnoses were established using standard clinical interviews based on international classification of diseases, 10th edition criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests to determine associations, with significance set at P<0.05. Results: Cases exhibited significantly higher rates of smoking, with regular smokers constituting 51.1% compared to 14.0% of controls (P=0.0001). Psychiatric comorbidities were substantially elevated in cases, notably dysthymia (35.29% vs. 17.65%; P=0.0002), generalized anxiety disorder (41.63% vs. 21.72%; P=0.0001), and recurrent depressive disorder (29.86% vs. 13.57%; P=0.0001). Higher COPD severity grades were associated with increased psychiatric morbidity (P<0.05). Conclusion: COPD is strongly associated with a higher burden of psychiatric comorbidities and tobacco exposure. Integrating psychiatric evaluation into COPD management could enhance holistic patient care.https://ajmsjournal.info/index.php/AJMS/article/view/4603chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; smoking; psychiatric comorbidity; dysthymia; anxiety; case–control study |
| spellingShingle | Rohit Pathak Abhishek Pathak Manish Singh Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center Asian Journal of Medical Sciences chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; smoking; psychiatric comorbidity; dysthymia; anxiety; case–control study |
| title | Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center |
| title_full | Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center |
| title_fullStr | Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center |
| title_short | Psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study from a north Indian tertiary Center |
| title_sort | psychiatric comorbidities and smoking behavior in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease a case control study from a north indian tertiary center |
| topic | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; smoking; psychiatric comorbidity; dysthymia; anxiety; case–control study |
| url | https://ajmsjournal.info/index.php/AJMS/article/view/4603 |
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