Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsIn this tertiary-center cross-sectional study, 333 consecutive SLE patients undergoing carotid ultrasonography were stratified by Ty...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1614970/full |
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| author | Wenhui Xie Minjie Li Hong Huang Yong Fan Dai Gao Jiaying Zhang Zhuoli Zhang |
| author_facet | Wenhui Xie Minjie Li Hong Huang Yong Fan Dai Gao Jiaying Zhang Zhuoli Zhang |
| author_sort | Wenhui Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveTo investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsIn this tertiary-center cross-sectional study, 333 consecutive SLE patients undergoing carotid ultrasonography were stratified by TyG index tertiles. The TyG index was calculated as ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Participants were categorized according to the TyG index tertiles: tertile 1 (<8.25), tertile 2 (8.25–8.69), and tertile 3 (>8.70). Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), statin, and SLE-specific covariates were employed to assess relationships between the TyG index and carotid atherosclerosis/plaque presence.ResultsThe overall rate of carotid atherosclerosis was 10.5% (35/333), with significantly elevated TyG in affected versus unaffected patients (8.77 ± 0.45 vs. 8.45 ± 0.49; p < 0.001). The frequency of carotid atherosclerosis was increased with increases in TyG tertiles (3.6% for tertile 1, 10.0% for tertile 2, and 17.7% for tertile 3; p = 0.003). Each 1-unit TyG increase was associated with a 4.29-fold increased atherosclerosis risk after full adjustment (95% CI 1.47–12.53). Compared to tertile 1, tertile 3 participants exhibited 5.58-fold increased odds of atherosclerosis (95% CI 1.52–20.53; p for trend 0.021). Consistent patterns were observed for carotid plaque outcomes.ConclusionsElevated TyG index independently predicts carotid atherosclerosis risk in SLE populations beyond traditional cardiovascular and lupus-specific confounders. This accessible metabolic biomarker may enhance early atherosclerotic risk stratification in SLE management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a2bafbfb355c4d61bfffa00c309c9705 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a2bafbfb355c4d61bfffa00c309c97052025-08-20T03:24:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-06-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.16149701614970Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based studyWenhui XieMinjie LiHong HuangYong FanDai GaoJiaying ZhangZhuoli ZhangObjectiveTo investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsIn this tertiary-center cross-sectional study, 333 consecutive SLE patients undergoing carotid ultrasonography were stratified by TyG index tertiles. The TyG index was calculated as ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Participants were categorized according to the TyG index tertiles: tertile 1 (<8.25), tertile 2 (8.25–8.69), and tertile 3 (>8.70). Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), statin, and SLE-specific covariates were employed to assess relationships between the TyG index and carotid atherosclerosis/plaque presence.ResultsThe overall rate of carotid atherosclerosis was 10.5% (35/333), with significantly elevated TyG in affected versus unaffected patients (8.77 ± 0.45 vs. 8.45 ± 0.49; p < 0.001). The frequency of carotid atherosclerosis was increased with increases in TyG tertiles (3.6% for tertile 1, 10.0% for tertile 2, and 17.7% for tertile 3; p = 0.003). Each 1-unit TyG increase was associated with a 4.29-fold increased atherosclerosis risk after full adjustment (95% CI 1.47–12.53). Compared to tertile 1, tertile 3 participants exhibited 5.58-fold increased odds of atherosclerosis (95% CI 1.52–20.53; p for trend 0.021). Consistent patterns were observed for carotid plaque outcomes.ConclusionsElevated TyG index independently predicts carotid atherosclerosis risk in SLE populations beyond traditional cardiovascular and lupus-specific confounders. This accessible metabolic biomarker may enhance early atherosclerotic risk stratification in SLE management.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1614970/fullsystemic lupus erythematosustriglyceride-glucose indexcarotid atherosclerosiscarotid artery plaqueinsulin resistance |
| spellingShingle | Wenhui Xie Minjie Li Hong Huang Yong Fan Dai Gao Jiaying Zhang Zhuoli Zhang Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study Frontiers in Immunology systemic lupus erythematosus triglyceride-glucose index carotid atherosclerosis carotid artery plaque insulin resistance |
| title | Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study |
| title_full | Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study |
| title_fullStr | Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study |
| title_short | Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study |
| title_sort | association between triglyceride glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus a cohort based study |
| topic | systemic lupus erythematosus triglyceride-glucose index carotid atherosclerosis carotid artery plaque insulin resistance |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1614970/full |
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