Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines
A possible design rule for preventing surface damage from thermal transients to solid tungsten armour is proposed and formulated for the plasma facing components (divertor, first wall) of magnetic fusion machines. The rule is based on combined results from laboratory experiments and operating fusion...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Nuclear Materials and Energy |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235217912400200X |
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| author | R. Mitteau M. Diez M. Firdaouss |
| author_facet | R. Mitteau M. Diez M. Firdaouss |
| author_sort | R. Mitteau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A possible design rule for preventing surface damage from thermal transients to solid tungsten armour is proposed and formulated for the plasma facing components (divertor, first wall) of magnetic fusion machines. The rule is based on combined results from laboratory experiments and operating fusion machines, and fundamental engineering principles such as the heat flux factor (FHF) and fatigue usage fraction (FUF). As an example, the rule would allow 2.104 transient heat loads cycles at a FHF of 10 MJm-2s-½ before the lifetime is considered exhausted. The formulation of the rule using engineering principles allows combining loads of different magnitudes and various number of cycles. A practical example of the rule usage is provided, illustrating loads combination and how the rule may contribute to the component geometrical design. The proposed rule is only valid for surface loading conditions, hence is not usable for volumetric loading conditions such as runaway electrons. Setting a budget lifetime and a design rule does not preclude actual plasma operation beyond the design lifetime. It is actually normal that experimental devices explore a larger domain than the one defined at the time of the design. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a29650f0dc6d45ee9656cf57133a6f65 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2352-1791 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nuclear Materials and Energy |
| spelling | doaj-art-a29650f0dc6d45ee9656cf57133a6f652025-08-20T02:34:55ZengElsevierNuclear Materials and Energy2352-17912024-12-014110177710.1016/j.nme.2024.101777Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machinesR. Mitteau0M. Diez1M. Firdaouss2Corresponding author.; CEA, IRFM, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance F-13108, FranceCEA, IRFM, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance F-13108, FranceCEA, IRFM, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance F-13108, FranceA possible design rule for preventing surface damage from thermal transients to solid tungsten armour is proposed and formulated for the plasma facing components (divertor, first wall) of magnetic fusion machines. The rule is based on combined results from laboratory experiments and operating fusion machines, and fundamental engineering principles such as the heat flux factor (FHF) and fatigue usage fraction (FUF). As an example, the rule would allow 2.104 transient heat loads cycles at a FHF of 10 MJm-2s-½ before the lifetime is considered exhausted. The formulation of the rule using engineering principles allows combining loads of different magnitudes and various number of cycles. A practical example of the rule usage is provided, illustrating loads combination and how the rule may contribute to the component geometrical design. The proposed rule is only valid for surface loading conditions, hence is not usable for volumetric loading conditions such as runaway electrons. Setting a budget lifetime and a design rule does not preclude actual plasma operation beyond the design lifetime. It is actually normal that experimental devices explore a larger domain than the one defined at the time of the design.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235217912400200X |
| spellingShingle | R. Mitteau M. Diez M. Firdaouss Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines Nuclear Materials and Energy |
| title | Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines |
| title_full | Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines |
| title_fullStr | Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines |
| title_short | Designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines |
| title_sort | designing tungsten armoured plasma facing components to pulsed heat loads in magnetic fusion machines |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235217912400200X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rmitteau designingtungstenarmouredplasmafacingcomponentstopulsedheatloadsinmagneticfusionmachines AT mdiez designingtungstenarmouredplasmafacingcomponentstopulsedheatloadsinmagneticfusionmachines AT mfirdaouss designingtungstenarmouredplasmafacingcomponentstopulsedheatloadsinmagneticfusionmachines |