Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach

Abstract Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious heart disease with high fatality rates. The progress of AMI involves immune cell infiltration. However, suitable clinical diagnostic biomarkers and the roles of immune cells in AMI remain unknown. Three datasets (GSE61145, GSE34198, and GSE6636...

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Main Authors: Huali Jiang, Weijie Chen, Benfa Chen, Tao Feng, Heng Li, Dan Li, Shanhua Wang, Weijie Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11957-0
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author Huali Jiang
Weijie Chen
Benfa Chen
Tao Feng
Heng Li
Dan Li
Shanhua Wang
Weijie Li
author_facet Huali Jiang
Weijie Chen
Benfa Chen
Tao Feng
Heng Li
Dan Li
Shanhua Wang
Weijie Li
author_sort Huali Jiang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious heart disease with high fatality rates. The progress of AMI involves immune cell infiltration. However, suitable clinical diagnostic biomarkers and the roles of immune cells in AMI remain unknown. Three datasets (GSE61145, GSE34198, and GSE66360) were used from Gene Expression Omnibus. Dysregulated expression of genes was screened and functionally analyzed. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify significant module genes associated with AMI. Machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)) were applied to identify hub genes. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were generated to evaluate the risk of AMI patients. Finally, immune cell infiltration were assessed by CIBERSORT, correlation analysis and immunohistochemistry. A total of 134 upregulated and 25 downregulated genes were identified. Functional analysis showed that the dysregulated genes were involved in cytokine- and immune-related signaling. Ten hub genes were used to establish a diagnostic model. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that ten genes were correlated with activation of various immune cells; specifically, naive B cells, activated CD4 memory T cells, and resting mast cells were significantly associated with AMI. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that FOS and IL18RAP were significantly upregulated in AMI, CD4 naive T and neutrophils were significantly infiltrated in the microenvironment of AMI. The hub genes involved in activating immune cell infiltration and developing AMI could act as promising diagnostic biomarkers and targets for clinical treatment of AMI.
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spelling doaj-art-a28622260bd6470a868df48cdb28a2002025-08-20T03:46:01ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-11957-0Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approachHuali Jiang0Weijie Chen1Benfa Chen2Tao Feng3Heng Li4Dan Li5Shanhua Wang6Weijie Li7Department of Cardiovascularology, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongguan Tungwah HospitalDepartment of Cardiovascularology, Dongguan Songshan Lake Tungwah HospitalDepartment of Cardiovascularology, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongguan Tungwah HospitalDepartment of Cardiology, Zhongshan People’s HospitalDepartment of Cardiovascularology, Dongguan Songshan Lake Tungwah HospitalDepartment of Cardiovascularology, The Sixth People’s Hospital of Huizhou City, Huiyang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascularology, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongguan Tungwah HospitalDepartment of Cardiovascularology, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongguan Tungwah HospitalAbstract Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious heart disease with high fatality rates. The progress of AMI involves immune cell infiltration. However, suitable clinical diagnostic biomarkers and the roles of immune cells in AMI remain unknown. Three datasets (GSE61145, GSE34198, and GSE66360) were used from Gene Expression Omnibus. Dysregulated expression of genes was screened and functionally analyzed. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify significant module genes associated with AMI. Machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)) were applied to identify hub genes. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were generated to evaluate the risk of AMI patients. Finally, immune cell infiltration were assessed by CIBERSORT, correlation analysis and immunohistochemistry. A total of 134 upregulated and 25 downregulated genes were identified. Functional analysis showed that the dysregulated genes were involved in cytokine- and immune-related signaling. Ten hub genes were used to establish a diagnostic model. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that ten genes were correlated with activation of various immune cells; specifically, naive B cells, activated CD4 memory T cells, and resting mast cells were significantly associated with AMI. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that FOS and IL18RAP were significantly upregulated in AMI, CD4 naive T and neutrophils were significantly infiltrated in the microenvironment of AMI. The hub genes involved in activating immune cell infiltration and developing AMI could act as promising diagnostic biomarkers and targets for clinical treatment of AMI.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11957-0Acute myocardial infarctionImmune cell infiltrationMachine learningDiagnosisBioinformatics
spellingShingle Huali Jiang
Weijie Chen
Benfa Chen
Tao Feng
Heng Li
Dan Li
Shanhua Wang
Weijie Li
Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
Scientific Reports
Acute myocardial infarction
Immune cell infiltration
Machine learning
Diagnosis
Bioinformatics
title Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
title_full Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
title_fullStr Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
title_full_unstemmed Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
title_short Identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
title_sort identification of clinical diagnostic and immune cell infiltration characteristics of acute myocardial infarction with machine learning approach
topic Acute myocardial infarction
Immune cell infiltration
Machine learning
Diagnosis
Bioinformatics
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11957-0
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