Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies

In recent years, the need to design inclusive workplaces has grown, particularly in manufacturing contexts where high cognitive demands may disadvantage neurodiverse individuals. In manufacturing environments, neurodiverse workers often experience difficulties processing standard instructions, incre...

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Main Authors: Agnese Testa, Alessandro Simeone, Massimiliano Zecca, Andrea Paoli, Luca Settineri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3356
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author Agnese Testa
Alessandro Simeone
Massimiliano Zecca
Andrea Paoli
Luca Settineri
author_facet Agnese Testa
Alessandro Simeone
Massimiliano Zecca
Andrea Paoli
Luca Settineri
author_sort Agnese Testa
collection DOAJ
description In recent years, the need to design inclusive workplaces has grown, particularly in manufacturing contexts where high cognitive demands may disadvantage neurodiverse individuals. In manufacturing environments, neurodiverse workers often experience difficulties processing standard instructions, increasing cognitive load and errors and reducing overall performance. This study proposes a methodology to assess cognitive load during assembly tasks to support workers with dyslexia. A multi-layer fuzzy logic framework was developed, integrating physiological, environmental, and task-related data. Physiological signals, including heart rate, heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, and eye-tracking data, were collected using wearable sensors. Ambient conditions were also measured. The model emphasizes the Reading dimension of cognitive load, critical for dyslexic individuals challenged by text-based instructions. A controlled laboratory study with 18 neurotypical participants simulated dyslexia scenarios with and without support, compared to a control condition. Results indicated that a lack of support increased cognitive load and reduced performance in complex tasks. In simpler tasks, control participants showed higher cognitive effort, possibly employing overcompensation strategies by exerting additional cognitive resources to maintain performance. Support mechanisms, such as audio prompts, effectively reduced cognitive load, highlighting the framework’s potential for fostering inclusive practices in industrial environments.
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spelling doaj-art-a2753db42f664adebdc1ab49b0bb9a052025-08-20T02:32:56ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-05-012511335610.3390/s25113356Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing StrategiesAgnese Testa0Alessandro Simeone1Massimiliano Zecca2Andrea Paoli3Luca Settineri4Department of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalySchool of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Ashby Rd, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UKSchool of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Ashby Rd, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UKDepartment of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyIn recent years, the need to design inclusive workplaces has grown, particularly in manufacturing contexts where high cognitive demands may disadvantage neurodiverse individuals. In manufacturing environments, neurodiverse workers often experience difficulties processing standard instructions, increasing cognitive load and errors and reducing overall performance. This study proposes a methodology to assess cognitive load during assembly tasks to support workers with dyslexia. A multi-layer fuzzy logic framework was developed, integrating physiological, environmental, and task-related data. Physiological signals, including heart rate, heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, and eye-tracking data, were collected using wearable sensors. Ambient conditions were also measured. The model emphasizes the Reading dimension of cognitive load, critical for dyslexic individuals challenged by text-based instructions. A controlled laboratory study with 18 neurotypical participants simulated dyslexia scenarios with and without support, compared to a control condition. Results indicated that a lack of support increased cognitive load and reduced performance in complex tasks. In simpler tasks, control participants showed higher cognitive effort, possibly employing overcompensation strategies by exerting additional cognitive resources to maintain performance. Support mechanisms, such as audio prompts, effectively reduced cognitive load, highlighting the framework’s potential for fostering inclusive practices in industrial environments.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3356sensor fusioncognitive loadinclusive manufacturingneurodiversityassembly
spellingShingle Agnese Testa
Alessandro Simeone
Massimiliano Zecca
Andrea Paoli
Luca Settineri
Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies
Sensors
sensor fusion
cognitive load
inclusive manufacturing
neurodiversity
assembly
title Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies
title_full Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies
title_fullStr Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies
title_short Fuzzy-Based Sensor Fusion for Cognitive Load Assessment in Inclusive Manufacturing Strategies
title_sort fuzzy based sensor fusion for cognitive load assessment in inclusive manufacturing strategies
topic sensor fusion
cognitive load
inclusive manufacturing
neurodiversity
assembly
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3356
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AT massimilianozecca fuzzybasedsensorfusionforcognitiveloadassessmentininclusivemanufacturingstrategies
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