A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury
Both cold stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly contribute to poor prognosis after liver transplantation (LT). However, limited animal models incorporating both stimuli hinder the advancement of transplant-related research. Here, a simplified and reproducible isolated perfused liver m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Liver Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542568425000303 |
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| author | Lele Zhang Mingjie Ding Ying Zhu Zhiping Yan Wenzhi Guo |
| author_facet | Lele Zhang Mingjie Ding Ying Zhu Zhiping Yan Wenzhi Guo |
| author_sort | Lele Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Both cold stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly contribute to poor prognosis after liver transplantation (LT). However, limited animal models incorporating both stimuli hinder the advancement of transplant-related research. Here, a simplified and reproducible isolated perfused liver model is established to simulate the stresses experienced by livers maximally during transplantation. We provide a detailed protocol for a straightforward technique that requires 20–30 min for harvesting, 24–48 h for static cold storage (SCS), and 2 h for normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) to induce LT-like stresses in the liver. Hepatic injury from SCS and NMP (LT-like stresses) is evaluated using three types of parameters. The pH values and hepatic enzyme levels of cold preservation solutions and perfusate serve as dynamic indicators of hepatic injury. Bile production and portal venous resistance directly reflect liver function, whereas pathological analysis visually illustrates the location and extent of injury. This animal model eliminates the influence of hemodynamic and immune factors, yielding highly reproducible results, and is strongly recommended as a standardized animal model for inducing LT-like stresses. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a244ba51145c48c4a826ebe320f9fe89 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2542-5684 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Liver Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-a244ba51145c48c4a826ebe320f9fe892025-08-20T02:36:53ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Liver Research2542-56842025-06-019217818510.1016/j.livres.2025.04.005A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injuryLele Zhang0Mingjie Ding1Ying Zhu2Zhiping Yan3Wenzhi Guo4Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Hepatopathy and Transplantation Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Hepatopathy and Transplantation Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory for Hepatopathy and Transplantation Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Hepatopathy and Transplantation Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Corresponding author. Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.Both cold stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly contribute to poor prognosis after liver transplantation (LT). However, limited animal models incorporating both stimuli hinder the advancement of transplant-related research. Here, a simplified and reproducible isolated perfused liver model is established to simulate the stresses experienced by livers maximally during transplantation. We provide a detailed protocol for a straightforward technique that requires 20–30 min for harvesting, 24–48 h for static cold storage (SCS), and 2 h for normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) to induce LT-like stresses in the liver. Hepatic injury from SCS and NMP (LT-like stresses) is evaluated using three types of parameters. The pH values and hepatic enzyme levels of cold preservation solutions and perfusate serve as dynamic indicators of hepatic injury. Bile production and portal venous resistance directly reflect liver function, whereas pathological analysis visually illustrates the location and extent of injury. This animal model eliminates the influence of hemodynamic and immune factors, yielding highly reproducible results, and is strongly recommended as a standardized animal model for inducing LT-like stresses.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542568425000303Liver transplantationAnimal modelIschemia-reperfusion injuryStatic cold storage (SCS)Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP)Ex vivo rat model |
| spellingShingle | Lele Zhang Mingjie Ding Ying Zhu Zhiping Yan Wenzhi Guo A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury Liver Research Liver transplantation Animal model Ischemia-reperfusion injury Static cold storage (SCS) Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) Ex vivo rat model |
| title | A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury |
| title_full | A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury |
| title_fullStr | A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury |
| title_short | A simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia-reperfusion injury |
| title_sort | simplified and reproducible ex vivo model of cold and ischemia reperfusion injury |
| topic | Liver transplantation Animal model Ischemia-reperfusion injury Static cold storage (SCS) Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) Ex vivo rat model |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542568425000303 |
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