Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction
Ammonium (NH4+) is an undesirable by-product of photocatalytic nitrate (NO3−) reduction since it is harmful to aquatic life once it converts into ammonia (NH3). This research investigated the removal efficiency of NO3− and for the first time quantified the relationships of initial nitrate concentrat...
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2020-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Photoenergy |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8893816 |
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| author | Orawan Rojviroon Sanya Sirivithayapakorn Thammasak Rojviroon Chalermraj Wantawin |
| author_facet | Orawan Rojviroon Sanya Sirivithayapakorn Thammasak Rojviroon Chalermraj Wantawin |
| author_sort | Orawan Rojviroon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ammonium (NH4+) is an undesirable by-product of photocatalytic nitrate (NO3−) reduction since it is harmful to aquatic life once it converts into ammonia (NH3). This research investigated the removal efficiency of NO3− and for the first time quantified the relationships of initial nitrate concentrations ([NO3−]0) and photocatalyst dosages on the remaining ammonium (NH4+) in synthetic wastewater using photocatalytic reduction process with either nanoparticle titanium dioxide (TiO2) or 1.0%Ag-TiO2 under Ultraviolet A (UVA). The experiments were systematically carried out under various combinations of [NO3−]0 (10, 25, 50, 80, and 100 mg-N/L) and photocatalyst dosages (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g). The NO3− removal efficiency of both photocatalysts was 98.96-99.98%, and the catalytic selectivity products were nitrogen gas (N2), nitrite (NO2−), and NH4+. Of the two photocatalysts under comparable experimental conditions, 1.0%Ag-TiO2 provided better NO3− removal efficiency. For both photocatalysts, the remaining NH4+ was predominantly determined by [NO3−]0; higher [NO3−]0 led to higher NH4+. Multiple linear regression analysis confirmed the dominant role of [NO3−]0 in the remaining NH4+. The photocatalyst dosage could play an essential role in limiting NH4+ in the treated wastewater, with large variation in [NO3−]0 from different sources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a23c0f98c8cc43e089d730471539e6f7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1110-662X 1687-529X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Photoenergy |
| spelling | doaj-art-a23c0f98c8cc43e089d730471539e6f72025-08-20T03:38:38ZengWileyInternational Journal of Photoenergy1110-662X1687-529X2020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88938168893816Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic ReductionOrawan Rojviroon0Sanya Sirivithayapakorn1Thammasak Rojviroon2Chalermraj Wantawin3Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDivision of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, ThailandDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAmmonium (NH4+) is an undesirable by-product of photocatalytic nitrate (NO3−) reduction since it is harmful to aquatic life once it converts into ammonia (NH3). This research investigated the removal efficiency of NO3− and for the first time quantified the relationships of initial nitrate concentrations ([NO3−]0) and photocatalyst dosages on the remaining ammonium (NH4+) in synthetic wastewater using photocatalytic reduction process with either nanoparticle titanium dioxide (TiO2) or 1.0%Ag-TiO2 under Ultraviolet A (UVA). The experiments were systematically carried out under various combinations of [NO3−]0 (10, 25, 50, 80, and 100 mg-N/L) and photocatalyst dosages (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g). The NO3− removal efficiency of both photocatalysts was 98.96-99.98%, and the catalytic selectivity products were nitrogen gas (N2), nitrite (NO2−), and NH4+. Of the two photocatalysts under comparable experimental conditions, 1.0%Ag-TiO2 provided better NO3− removal efficiency. For both photocatalysts, the remaining NH4+ was predominantly determined by [NO3−]0; higher [NO3−]0 led to higher NH4+. Multiple linear regression analysis confirmed the dominant role of [NO3−]0 in the remaining NH4+. The photocatalyst dosage could play an essential role in limiting NH4+ in the treated wastewater, with large variation in [NO3−]0 from different sources.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8893816 |
| spellingShingle | Orawan Rojviroon Sanya Sirivithayapakorn Thammasak Rojviroon Chalermraj Wantawin Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction International Journal of Photoenergy |
| title | Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction |
| title_full | Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction |
| title_short | Effects of Initial Nitrate Concentrations and Photocatalyst Dosages on Ammonium Ion in Synthetic Wastewater Treated by Photocatalytic Reduction |
| title_sort | effects of initial nitrate concentrations and photocatalyst dosages on ammonium ion in synthetic wastewater treated by photocatalytic reduction |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8893816 |
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