Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies
Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy, while evidence from observational studies directly linking oxidative biomarkers to clinically relevant outcomes has been limited. This study aims to investigate the associatio...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Translational Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06110-4 |
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| author | Xiangliang Liu Yu Chang Yuguang Li Yingrui Liu Wei Song Jin Lu Naifei Chen Jiuwei Cui |
| author_facet | Xiangliang Liu Yu Chang Yuguang Li Yingrui Liu Wei Song Jin Lu Naifei Chen Jiuwei Cui |
| author_sort | Xiangliang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy, while evidence from observational studies directly linking oxidative biomarkers to clinically relevant outcomes has been limited. This study aims to investigate the association between oxidative balance score (OBS) and prevalence of retinopathy in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, including both those with and without diabetes. Methods Data were obtained from the NHANES 2005–2008, including 3,287 participants. OBS was calculated from 16 dietary and 4 lifestyle components and categorized into tertiles. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the association between OBS and retinopathy in the overall, diabetic, and non-diabetic populations, and Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the link between OBS and all-cause mortality in those with retinopathy. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis explored the dose-response relationship between OBS and retinopathy. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted based on age, sex, race, BMI, education level, and diabetes status. Results Participants in the highest OBS tertile had a 28% lower risk of retinopathy compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54–0.95, P = 0.023). RCS analysis showed a significant overall association between higher OBS and reduced retinopathy risk, without a nonlinear pattern. In participants with retinopathy, higher OBS was linked to a 60% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.24–0.66, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed stronger inverse associations between OBS and retinopathy in younger individuals and those with higher education, with a significant interaction between OBS and age (P for interaction < 0.05). Conclusion Our study provides evidence that higher cumulative antioxidant exposure assessed by OBS is associated with a reduced risk and severity of retinopathy and lower all-cause mortality in U.S. adults with retinopathy, highlighting the importance of maintaining a favorable oxidative balance in retinal health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a236457efc56450eabf2aff345b0ef77 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1479-5876 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Translational Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-a236457efc56450eabf2aff345b0ef772025-01-26T12:50:15ZengBMCJournal of Translational Medicine1479-58762025-01-0123111210.1186/s12967-025-06110-4Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studiesXiangliang Liu0Yu Chang1Yuguang Li2Yingrui Liu3Wei Song4Jin Lu5Naifei Chen6Jiuwei Cui7Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityCancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityCancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityOphthalmology, Shenzhen People’s HospitalCancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityCancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityCancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityCancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityAbstract Background Previous studies have suggested oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy, while evidence from observational studies directly linking oxidative biomarkers to clinically relevant outcomes has been limited. This study aims to investigate the association between oxidative balance score (OBS) and prevalence of retinopathy in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, including both those with and without diabetes. Methods Data were obtained from the NHANES 2005–2008, including 3,287 participants. OBS was calculated from 16 dietary and 4 lifestyle components and categorized into tertiles. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the association between OBS and retinopathy in the overall, diabetic, and non-diabetic populations, and Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the link between OBS and all-cause mortality in those with retinopathy. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis explored the dose-response relationship between OBS and retinopathy. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted based on age, sex, race, BMI, education level, and diabetes status. Results Participants in the highest OBS tertile had a 28% lower risk of retinopathy compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54–0.95, P = 0.023). RCS analysis showed a significant overall association between higher OBS and reduced retinopathy risk, without a nonlinear pattern. In participants with retinopathy, higher OBS was linked to a 60% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.24–0.66, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed stronger inverse associations between OBS and retinopathy in younger individuals and those with higher education, with a significant interaction between OBS and age (P for interaction < 0.05). Conclusion Our study provides evidence that higher cumulative antioxidant exposure assessed by OBS is associated with a reduced risk and severity of retinopathy and lower all-cause mortality in U.S. adults with retinopathy, highlighting the importance of maintaining a favorable oxidative balance in retinal health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06110-4RetinopathyOxidative balance scoreDiabetesMortalityNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Xiangliang Liu Yu Chang Yuguang Li Yingrui Liu Wei Song Jin Lu Naifei Chen Jiuwei Cui Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies Journal of Translational Medicine Retinopathy Oxidative balance score Diabetes Mortality NHANES |
| title | Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies |
| title_full | Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies |
| title_fullStr | Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies |
| title_short | Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies |
| title_sort | oxidative stress and retinopathy evidence from epidemiological studies |
| topic | Retinopathy Oxidative balance score Diabetes Mortality NHANES |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06110-4 |
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