Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children

Background/Objectives: Influenza poses significant risks in children, causing complications like febrile seizures and hospitalizations. Antiviral treatments include oseltamivir and peramivir, both FDA-approved neuraminidase inhibitors. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of intravenous pera...

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Main Authors: Young-hoon Byun, Ji-Eun Kim, So-Hyun Paek, Min-Jung Kim, Soo Hyun Park, Ho-Young Song, Jaehyun Kwon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Children
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/1/26
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author Young-hoon Byun
Ji-Eun Kim
So-Hyun Paek
Min-Jung Kim
Soo Hyun Park
Ho-Young Song
Jaehyun Kwon
author_facet Young-hoon Byun
Ji-Eun Kim
So-Hyun Paek
Min-Jung Kim
Soo Hyun Park
Ho-Young Song
Jaehyun Kwon
author_sort Young-hoon Byun
collection DOAJ
description Background/Objectives: Influenza poses significant risks in children, causing complications like febrile seizures and hospitalizations. Antiviral treatments include oseltamivir and peramivir, both FDA-approved neuraminidase inhibitors. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of intravenous peramivir and oral oseltamivir in pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department, with a primary focus on the revisit rate within 72 h post-treatment. Methods: A retrospective study analyzed 1327 children aged 1–15 years diagnosed with influenza A or B between 1 January 2019 and 29 February 2020, at a single urban hospital. Patients were divided into oseltamivir (n = 1243) and peramivir (n = 84) groups. Data included demographics, clinical symptoms, emergency department stays, and revisit rates. Fisher’s exact test was used for analysis, with <i>p</i>-values < 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 1327 pediatric patients were included, with 1243 receiving oseltamivir and 84 receiving peramivir. Patients in the peramivir group were older (median age 5.88 years vs. 4.54 years, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms. The emergency department length of stay was significantly longer in the peramivir group (167 min vs. 63 min, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The revisit rate within 3 days was 5.63% for oseltamivir and 9.52% for peramivir, with no statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> = 0.22). Conclusions: Peramivir presents as an effective alternative treatment for influenza in children, particularly in situations where oral administration is not feasible due to gastrointestinal intolerance, highlighting the importance of an alternative route of antiviral administration.
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spelling doaj-art-a20c1f942607468591177ffb969923502025-01-24T13:27:02ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672024-12-011212610.3390/children12010026Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in ChildrenYoung-hoon Byun0Ji-Eun Kim1So-Hyun Paek2Min-Jung Kim3Soo Hyun Park4Ho-Young Song5Jaehyun Kwon6Department of Emergency Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan 49201, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of KoreaBackground/Objectives: Influenza poses significant risks in children, causing complications like febrile seizures and hospitalizations. Antiviral treatments include oseltamivir and peramivir, both FDA-approved neuraminidase inhibitors. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of intravenous peramivir and oral oseltamivir in pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department, with a primary focus on the revisit rate within 72 h post-treatment. Methods: A retrospective study analyzed 1327 children aged 1–15 years diagnosed with influenza A or B between 1 January 2019 and 29 February 2020, at a single urban hospital. Patients were divided into oseltamivir (n = 1243) and peramivir (n = 84) groups. Data included demographics, clinical symptoms, emergency department stays, and revisit rates. Fisher’s exact test was used for analysis, with <i>p</i>-values < 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 1327 pediatric patients were included, with 1243 receiving oseltamivir and 84 receiving peramivir. Patients in the peramivir group were older (median age 5.88 years vs. 4.54 years, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms. The emergency department length of stay was significantly longer in the peramivir group (167 min vs. 63 min, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The revisit rate within 3 days was 5.63% for oseltamivir and 9.52% for peramivir, with no statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> = 0.22). Conclusions: Peramivir presents as an effective alternative treatment for influenza in children, particularly in situations where oral administration is not feasible due to gastrointestinal intolerance, highlighting the importance of an alternative route of antiviral administration.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/1/26influenzaperamivirpediatric emergency department
spellingShingle Young-hoon Byun
Ji-Eun Kim
So-Hyun Paek
Min-Jung Kim
Soo Hyun Park
Ho-Young Song
Jaehyun Kwon
Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children
Children
influenza
peramivir
pediatric emergency department
title Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children
title_full Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children
title_short Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment with Intravenous Peramivir and Oral Oseltamivir for Seasonal Influenza in Children
title_sort effectiveness of antiviral treatment with intravenous peramivir and oral oseltamivir for seasonal influenza in children
topic influenza
peramivir
pediatric emergency department
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/1/26
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