Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study

Abstract Background Social anxiety disorder typically emerges in adolescence and its symptoms often co‐occur with depression and suicidal ideation. It is important to understand whether social anxiety symptoms precede depression and suicidal ideation in youth. This study aimed to investigate the tem...

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Main Authors: Kenny Chiu, Argyris Stringaris, Eleanor Leigh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-03-01
Series:JCPP Advances
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12249
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author Kenny Chiu
Argyris Stringaris
Eleanor Leigh
author_facet Kenny Chiu
Argyris Stringaris
Eleanor Leigh
author_sort Kenny Chiu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Social anxiety disorder typically emerges in adolescence and its symptoms often co‐occur with depression and suicidal ideation. It is important to understand whether social anxiety symptoms precede depression and suicidal ideation in youth. This study aimed to investigate the temporal associations between baseline social anxiety and later suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in a community youth sample. Methods The Wellcome Trust NSPN (Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network) study recruited 2397 youth aged 14–24 in the United Kingdom to participate in a prospective observational study. Participants were assessed for symptoms of social anxiety, generalised anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation at baseline, 1‐year follow‐up, and 2‐year follow‐up. We conducted multiple linear regression analyses and mediation analyses to examine whether baseline social anxiety was associated with 2‐year suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms (excluding suicide‐related items), and whether these associations were mediated by 1‐year depressive symptoms. The study was preregistered on the Open Science Framework. Results Results from multiple linear regression analyses indicated that baseline social anxiety symptoms were associated with 2‐year suicidal ideation (β = 0.07, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.12]) and 2‐year depressive symptoms (β = 0.08, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.13]), after controlling for baseline predicted variable. Furthermore, 1‐year depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between baseline social anxiety symptoms and 2‐year suicidal ideation (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05]), and the relationship between baseline social anxiety symptoms and 2‐year depressive symptoms (β = 0.06, 95% CI [0.03, 0.08]) after adjusting for age, sex, and other covariates. Conclusions We found evidence that baseline social anxiety symptoms were associated with 2‐year suicidal ideation and 2‐year depressive symptoms via 1‐year depressive symptoms in non‐clinical adolescents. These results may have important implications for targeted psychological interventions.
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spelling doaj-art-a1d4f5a611994e50b3af7fefce6e9a592025-08-20T02:59:53ZengWileyJCPP Advances2692-93842025-03-0151n/an/a10.1002/jcv2.12249Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective studyKenny Chiu0Argyris Stringaris1Eleanor Leigh2Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies University of East Anglia Norwich UKDivisions of Psychiatry and Psychology and Language Sciences University College London London UKDepartment of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford Oxford UKAbstract Background Social anxiety disorder typically emerges in adolescence and its symptoms often co‐occur with depression and suicidal ideation. It is important to understand whether social anxiety symptoms precede depression and suicidal ideation in youth. This study aimed to investigate the temporal associations between baseline social anxiety and later suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in a community youth sample. Methods The Wellcome Trust NSPN (Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network) study recruited 2397 youth aged 14–24 in the United Kingdom to participate in a prospective observational study. Participants were assessed for symptoms of social anxiety, generalised anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation at baseline, 1‐year follow‐up, and 2‐year follow‐up. We conducted multiple linear regression analyses and mediation analyses to examine whether baseline social anxiety was associated with 2‐year suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms (excluding suicide‐related items), and whether these associations were mediated by 1‐year depressive symptoms. The study was preregistered on the Open Science Framework. Results Results from multiple linear regression analyses indicated that baseline social anxiety symptoms were associated with 2‐year suicidal ideation (β = 0.07, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.12]) and 2‐year depressive symptoms (β = 0.08, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.13]), after controlling for baseline predicted variable. Furthermore, 1‐year depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between baseline social anxiety symptoms and 2‐year suicidal ideation (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05]), and the relationship between baseline social anxiety symptoms and 2‐year depressive symptoms (β = 0.06, 95% CI [0.03, 0.08]) after adjusting for age, sex, and other covariates. Conclusions We found evidence that baseline social anxiety symptoms were associated with 2‐year suicidal ideation and 2‐year depressive symptoms via 1‐year depressive symptoms in non‐clinical adolescents. These results may have important implications for targeted psychological interventions.https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12249adolescentdepressionsocial anxietysocial phobiasuicideyouth
spellingShingle Kenny Chiu
Argyris Stringaris
Eleanor Leigh
Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study
JCPP Advances
adolescent
depression
social anxiety
social phobia
suicide
youth
title Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study
title_full Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study
title_fullStr Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study
title_full_unstemmed Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study
title_short Social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A prospective study
title_sort social anxiety symptoms and their relationship with suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adolescents a prospective study
topic adolescent
depression
social anxiety
social phobia
suicide
youth
url https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12249
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