Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems are categorized as Renewable Energy Systems (RES), as the natural sea temperature difference (ΔΤ), between the surface water and the deep seawater, can be exploited either to produce electricity or to deliver a by-product. The sea water temperature vari...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lazaros Aresti, Toula Onoufriou, Constantine Michailides, Paul Christodoulides
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-10-01
Series:Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25010068
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849728408240521216
author Lazaros Aresti
Toula Onoufriou
Constantine Michailides
Paul Christodoulides
author_facet Lazaros Aresti
Toula Onoufriou
Constantine Michailides
Paul Christodoulides
author_sort Lazaros Aresti
collection DOAJ
description Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems are categorized as Renewable Energy Systems (RES), as the natural sea temperature difference (ΔΤ), between the surface water and the deep seawater, can be exploited either to produce electricity or to deliver a by-product. The sea water temperature varies according to location/country, also depending on sea depth and distance from shore. Therefore, the minimum distance from shore can vary in order to meet the required ΔΤ for the system to perform in a beneficial manner. The present study investigates the effect of such cases, by examining the magnitude of the heat transfer loss of the cold-water pipes (CWPs), in terms of the outcome in the theoretical efficiency of the system. CWPs are computationally investigated using the COMSOL Multiphysics software, to assess a more accurate ΔΤ. Contrary to this study, in most literature cases the ΔΤ used in the performance estimations, is the one found on location and without any computational process. The CWP pump was also assessed in terms of required power and case. A parametric analysis of the size of the CWP, mass flowrate, pumping power, pipe material, distance from shore, and a comparison between onshore and offshore positioning of the OTEC systems is presented. Offshore systems seem to exhibit a desired lower temperature difference by up to 86 % from that of long-CWP onshore systems. Overall results indicate, even considering the non-ideal case of heat loss, OTEC systems - onshore or offshore - may become viable, but site specific ΔT estimations are required per case.
format Article
id doaj-art-a17cb2433f884a6fa0f0a381e461e33a
institution DOAJ
issn 2214-157X
language English
publishDate 2025-10-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
spelling doaj-art-a17cb2433f884a6fa0f0a381e461e33a2025-08-20T03:09:34ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2025-10-017410674610.1016/j.csite.2025.106746Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipeLazaros Aresti0Toula Onoufriou1Constantine Michailides2Paul Christodoulides3EMERGE Centre of Excellence, Lemesos, Cyprus; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, CyprusEMERGE Centre of Excellence, Lemesos, Cyprus; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, CyprusDepartment of Civil Engineering, International Hellenic University, Serres University Campus, GreeceEMERGE Centre of Excellence, Lemesos, Cyprus; Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus; Corresponding author. EMERGE Centre of Excellence, Lemesos, Cyprus.Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems are categorized as Renewable Energy Systems (RES), as the natural sea temperature difference (ΔΤ), between the surface water and the deep seawater, can be exploited either to produce electricity or to deliver a by-product. The sea water temperature varies according to location/country, also depending on sea depth and distance from shore. Therefore, the minimum distance from shore can vary in order to meet the required ΔΤ for the system to perform in a beneficial manner. The present study investigates the effect of such cases, by examining the magnitude of the heat transfer loss of the cold-water pipes (CWPs), in terms of the outcome in the theoretical efficiency of the system. CWPs are computationally investigated using the COMSOL Multiphysics software, to assess a more accurate ΔΤ. Contrary to this study, in most literature cases the ΔΤ used in the performance estimations, is the one found on location and without any computational process. The CWP pump was also assessed in terms of required power and case. A parametric analysis of the size of the CWP, mass flowrate, pumping power, pipe material, distance from shore, and a comparison between onshore and offshore positioning of the OTEC systems is presented. Offshore systems seem to exhibit a desired lower temperature difference by up to 86 % from that of long-CWP onshore systems. Overall results indicate, even considering the non-ideal case of heat loss, OTEC systems - onshore or offshore - may become viable, but site specific ΔT estimations are required per case.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25010068Ocean thermal energy conversionOTECHeat transferOTEC cold water pipe
spellingShingle Lazaros Aresti
Toula Onoufriou
Constantine Michailides
Paul Christodoulides
Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Ocean thermal energy conversion
OTEC
Heat transfer
OTEC cold water pipe
title Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe
title_full Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe
title_fullStr Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe
title_full_unstemmed Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe
title_short Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe
title_sort ocean thermal energy conversion systems the heat losses effect of the cold water pipe
topic Ocean thermal energy conversion
OTEC
Heat transfer
OTEC cold water pipe
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25010068
work_keys_str_mv AT lazarosaresti oceanthermalenergyconversionsystemstheheatlosseseffectofthecoldwaterpipe
AT toulaonoufriou oceanthermalenergyconversionsystemstheheatlosseseffectofthecoldwaterpipe
AT constantinemichailides oceanthermalenergyconversionsystemstheheatlosseseffectofthecoldwaterpipe
AT paulchristodoulides oceanthermalenergyconversionsystemstheheatlosseseffectofthecoldwaterpipe