The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background. Undesirable effects of a daily regimen of iron and folic acid ingested jointly (iron-folate) are potential disincentives to optimal antenatal supplementation. We intended to profile antenatal iron-folate side effects and elucidate their influence on supplementation duration in low-resour...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shadrack Oiye, Margaret Juma, Silvenus Konyole, Fatuma Adan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-01-01
Series:Journal of Pregnancy
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9621831
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849398578381848576
author Shadrack Oiye
Margaret Juma
Silvenus Konyole
Fatuma Adan
author_facet Shadrack Oiye
Margaret Juma
Silvenus Konyole
Fatuma Adan
author_sort Shadrack Oiye
collection DOAJ
description Background. Undesirable effects of a daily regimen of iron and folic acid ingested jointly (iron-folate) are potential disincentives to optimal antenatal supplementation. We intended to profile antenatal iron-folate side effects and elucidate their influence on supplementation duration in low-resource rural Kenya. Methods. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of randomly selected postnatal mothers of under-five-year-old children. Using a modified WHO Safe Motherhood Assessment standard questionnaire, they recalled the total number of days of antenatal iron-folate intake and the attendant supplement-attributed undesirable experiences. The analyses considered only participants who ingested the supplements in their immediate last pregnancies (n=277). Results. About half of the study participants reported at least a side effect and a mean of 2.4 (SD 1.5) effects per person in the entire pregnancy period. Most common reported effects were chest pains (31.8%), constipation (28.5%), severe stomach pains (11.6%), and diarrhoea (11.6%). Mothers who reported at least a side effect ingested the supplements for ten days less compared to those who did not experience any effect (p=0.03); and a greater proportion of the former were primigravida (p=0.02) and used combined form of iron and folic acid (p=0.003). In a multivariate analysis, significant correlations with supplementation compliance (ingestion for 90+ days) were found only for nausea and severe stomach pain experiences (r=−0.1, p=0.04; r=0.2, p=0.01, resp.). Conclusions. The commonness of undesirable experiences attributed to daily ingestion of 60 mg iron and 0.4 mg folic acid and their deterrence to longer supplementation durations suggest the need for considering a weekly intermittent regimen for some antenatal women in such set-ups. Our study demonstrated that potentially, more counselling on nausea as a side effect might be critical in advancing iron-folate supplementation compliance.
format Article
id doaj-art-a16d9bfda9064324a8a4b29d91c7ee5f
institution Kabale University
issn 2090-2727
2090-2735
language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of Pregnancy
spelling doaj-art-a16d9bfda9064324a8a4b29d91c7ee5f2025-08-20T03:38:34ZengWileyJournal of Pregnancy2090-27272090-27352020-01-01202010.1155/2020/96218319621831The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional StudyShadrack Oiye0Margaret Juma1Silvenus Konyole2Fatuma Adan3Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), DjiboutiGreat Lakes University of Kisumu, Kisumu, KenyaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, KenyaIntergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), DjiboutiBackground. Undesirable effects of a daily regimen of iron and folic acid ingested jointly (iron-folate) are potential disincentives to optimal antenatal supplementation. We intended to profile antenatal iron-folate side effects and elucidate their influence on supplementation duration in low-resource rural Kenya. Methods. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of randomly selected postnatal mothers of under-five-year-old children. Using a modified WHO Safe Motherhood Assessment standard questionnaire, they recalled the total number of days of antenatal iron-folate intake and the attendant supplement-attributed undesirable experiences. The analyses considered only participants who ingested the supplements in their immediate last pregnancies (n=277). Results. About half of the study participants reported at least a side effect and a mean of 2.4 (SD 1.5) effects per person in the entire pregnancy period. Most common reported effects were chest pains (31.8%), constipation (28.5%), severe stomach pains (11.6%), and diarrhoea (11.6%). Mothers who reported at least a side effect ingested the supplements for ten days less compared to those who did not experience any effect (p=0.03); and a greater proportion of the former were primigravida (p=0.02) and used combined form of iron and folic acid (p=0.003). In a multivariate analysis, significant correlations with supplementation compliance (ingestion for 90+ days) were found only for nausea and severe stomach pain experiences (r=−0.1, p=0.04; r=0.2, p=0.01, resp.). Conclusions. The commonness of undesirable experiences attributed to daily ingestion of 60 mg iron and 0.4 mg folic acid and their deterrence to longer supplementation durations suggest the need for considering a weekly intermittent regimen for some antenatal women in such set-ups. Our study demonstrated that potentially, more counselling on nausea as a side effect might be critical in advancing iron-folate supplementation compliance.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9621831
spellingShingle Shadrack Oiye
Margaret Juma
Silvenus Konyole
Fatuma Adan
The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
Journal of Pregnancy
title The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short The Influence of Antenatal Oral Iron and Folic Acid Side Effects on Supplementation Duration in Low-Resource Rural Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort influence of antenatal oral iron and folic acid side effects on supplementation duration in low resource rural kenya a cross sectional study
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9621831
work_keys_str_mv AT shadrackoiye theinfluenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT margaretjuma theinfluenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT silvenuskonyole theinfluenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT fatumaadan theinfluenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT shadrackoiye influenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT margaretjuma influenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT silvenuskonyole influenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy
AT fatumaadan influenceofantenataloralironandfolicacidsideeffectsonsupplementationdurationinlowresourceruralkenyaacrosssectionalstudy