Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c

Abstract Inner retinal thinning precedes clinical evidence of retinopathy in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (DM), and may contribute to retinopathy development and progression. Serum levels of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin are inversely related in the setting of impaired glucose homeostas...

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Main Authors: Neslihan D. Koseoglu, Jiangxia Wang, Frederick Anokye-Danso, Jose Amezcua Moreno, Eumee Cha, Franklin Fuchs, Jacqueline Teed, Jianing Yao, Yan Zhang, Rexford S. Ahima, Mira M. Sachdeva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93562-9
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author Neslihan D. Koseoglu
Jiangxia Wang
Frederick Anokye-Danso
Jose Amezcua Moreno
Eumee Cha
Franklin Fuchs
Jacqueline Teed
Jianing Yao
Yan Zhang
Rexford S. Ahima
Mira M. Sachdeva
author_facet Neslihan D. Koseoglu
Jiangxia Wang
Frederick Anokye-Danso
Jose Amezcua Moreno
Eumee Cha
Franklin Fuchs
Jacqueline Teed
Jianing Yao
Yan Zhang
Rexford S. Ahima
Mira M. Sachdeva
author_sort Neslihan D. Koseoglu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Inner retinal thinning precedes clinical evidence of retinopathy in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (DM), and may contribute to retinopathy development and progression. Serum levels of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin are inversely related in the setting of impaired glucose homeostasis, but their potential association with inner retinal thickness is unknown. In this prospective study, both eyes from 24 individuals with prediabetes or type 2 DM (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥ 5.7) and 16 controls (HbA1c < 5.7) underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging of the macula, and thickness of the nerve fiber layer (NFL) and ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) was analyzed in each subfield of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid. Serum samples were collected and metabolic factors, including adiponectin and leptin, were measured. Adjusted regression analyses revealed inverse associations of these adipokines with NFL thickness that did not differ between prediabetes/DM and controls, but differential positive associations of adiponectin with GCL-IPL thickness only in the prediabetes/DM group. The results of our pilot study suggest opposing roles for adiponectin and leptin in the retina, similar to their relationship in systemic disease, and suggest that serum adiponectin may represent a potential clinical biomarker for inner retinal thickness in patients with elevated HbA1c.
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spelling doaj-art-a152ff8bec7343fbb32b87f996902e582025-08-20T03:02:21ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-011511910.1038/s41598-025-93562-9Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1cNeslihan D. Koseoglu0Jiangxia Wang1Frederick Anokye-Danso2Jose Amezcua Moreno3Eumee Cha4Franklin Fuchs5Jacqueline Teed6Jianing Yao7Yan Zhang8Rexford S. Ahima9Mira M. Sachdeva10Retina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineDepartment of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins UniversityDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineRetina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineRetina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins UniversityBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins UniversityBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins UniversityDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineRetina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineAbstract Inner retinal thinning precedes clinical evidence of retinopathy in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (DM), and may contribute to retinopathy development and progression. Serum levels of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin are inversely related in the setting of impaired glucose homeostasis, but their potential association with inner retinal thickness is unknown. In this prospective study, both eyes from 24 individuals with prediabetes or type 2 DM (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥ 5.7) and 16 controls (HbA1c < 5.7) underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging of the macula, and thickness of the nerve fiber layer (NFL) and ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) was analyzed in each subfield of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid. Serum samples were collected and metabolic factors, including adiponectin and leptin, were measured. Adjusted regression analyses revealed inverse associations of these adipokines with NFL thickness that did not differ between prediabetes/DM and controls, but differential positive associations of adiponectin with GCL-IPL thickness only in the prediabetes/DM group. The results of our pilot study suggest opposing roles for adiponectin and leptin in the retina, similar to their relationship in systemic disease, and suggest that serum adiponectin may represent a potential clinical biomarker for inner retinal thickness in patients with elevated HbA1c.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93562-9
spellingShingle Neslihan D. Koseoglu
Jiangxia Wang
Frederick Anokye-Danso
Jose Amezcua Moreno
Eumee Cha
Franklin Fuchs
Jacqueline Teed
Jianing Yao
Yan Zhang
Rexford S. Ahima
Mira M. Sachdeva
Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c
Scientific Reports
title Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c
title_full Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c
title_fullStr Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c
title_full_unstemmed Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c
title_short Association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated HbA1c
title_sort association of serum adiponectin and leptin levels with inner retinal thickness among individuals with or without elevated hba1c
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93562-9
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