Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand

The purpose of this paper is to present a novel optimization framework that enhances Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization (WDRO) for chance-constrained facility location problems under demand uncertainty. Traditional methods often rely on predefined probability distributions, limiting th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Iman Seyedi, Antonio Candelieri, Enza Messina, Francesco Archetti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Mathematics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2144
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849319945665511424
author Iman Seyedi
Antonio Candelieri
Enza Messina
Francesco Archetti
author_facet Iman Seyedi
Antonio Candelieri
Enza Messina
Francesco Archetti
author_sort Iman Seyedi
collection DOAJ
description The purpose of this paper is to present a novel optimization framework that enhances Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization (WDRO) for chance-constrained facility location problems under demand uncertainty. Traditional methods often rely on predefined probability distributions, limiting their flexibility in adapting to real-world demand fluctuations. To overcome this limitation, the proposed approach integrates two methodologies, specifically a Genetic Algorithm to search for the optimal decision about facility opening, inventory, and allocation, and a constrained Jordan–Kinderlehrer–Otto (cJKO) scheme for dealing with robustness in the objective function and chance-constraint with respect to possible unknown fluctuations in demand. Precisely, cJKO is used to construct Wasserstein ambiguity sets around empirical demand distributions (historical data) to achieve robustness. As a result, computational experiments demonstrate that the proposed hybrid approach achieves over 90% demand satisfaction with limited violations of probabilistic constraints across various demand scenarios. The method effectively balances operational cost efficiency with robustness, showing superior performance in handling demand uncertainty compared to traditional approaches.
format Article
id doaj-art-a11bb49adcef48d5b63ac3ced751801c
institution Kabale University
issn 2227-7390
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Mathematics
spelling doaj-art-a11bb49adcef48d5b63ac3ced751801c2025-08-20T03:50:16ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-06-011313214410.3390/math13132144Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain DemandIman Seyedi0Antonio Candelieri1Enza Messina2Francesco Archetti3Department of Computer Science Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Economics Management and Statistics, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Computer Science Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Computer Science Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, ItalyThe purpose of this paper is to present a novel optimization framework that enhances Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization (WDRO) for chance-constrained facility location problems under demand uncertainty. Traditional methods often rely on predefined probability distributions, limiting their flexibility in adapting to real-world demand fluctuations. To overcome this limitation, the proposed approach integrates two methodologies, specifically a Genetic Algorithm to search for the optimal decision about facility opening, inventory, and allocation, and a constrained Jordan–Kinderlehrer–Otto (cJKO) scheme for dealing with robustness in the objective function and chance-constraint with respect to possible unknown fluctuations in demand. Precisely, cJKO is used to construct Wasserstein ambiguity sets around empirical demand distributions (historical data) to achieve robustness. As a result, computational experiments demonstrate that the proposed hybrid approach achieves over 90% demand satisfaction with limited violations of probabilistic constraints across various demand scenarios. The method effectively balances operational cost efficiency with robustness, showing superior performance in handling demand uncertainty compared to traditional approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2144constrained JKO (cJKO)chance-constrained optimizationWasserstein distancefacility locationGenetic Algorithm (GA)
spellingShingle Iman Seyedi
Antonio Candelieri
Enza Messina
Francesco Archetti
Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand
Mathematics
constrained JKO (cJKO)
chance-constrained optimization
Wasserstein distance
facility location
Genetic Algorithm (GA)
title Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand
title_full Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand
title_fullStr Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand
title_full_unstemmed Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand
title_short Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization for Chance Constrained Facility Location Under Uncertain Demand
title_sort wasserstein distributionally robust optimization for chance constrained facility location under uncertain demand
topic constrained JKO (cJKO)
chance-constrained optimization
Wasserstein distance
facility location
Genetic Algorithm (GA)
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2144
work_keys_str_mv AT imanseyedi wassersteindistributionallyrobustoptimizationforchanceconstrainedfacilitylocationunderuncertaindemand
AT antoniocandelieri wassersteindistributionallyrobustoptimizationforchanceconstrainedfacilitylocationunderuncertaindemand
AT enzamessina wassersteindistributionallyrobustoptimizationforchanceconstrainedfacilitylocationunderuncertaindemand
AT francescoarchetti wassersteindistributionallyrobustoptimizationforchanceconstrainedfacilitylocationunderuncertaindemand