COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review

Introduction: Steinert's disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive myotonia and multi-organ damage. It is associated with respiratory and cardiological complications often leading patients to exitus. These conditions are also traditional risk factors for severe COVID-19....

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Main Authors: Maria Mazzitelli, Marco Trevenzoli, Monica Brundu, Giulia Squarzoni, Anna Maria Cattelan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2023-02-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15653
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author Maria Mazzitelli
Marco Trevenzoli
Monica Brundu
Giulia Squarzoni
Anna Maria Cattelan
author_facet Maria Mazzitelli
Marco Trevenzoli
Monica Brundu
Giulia Squarzoni
Anna Maria Cattelan
author_sort Maria Mazzitelli
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Steinert's disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive myotonia and multi-organ damage. It is associated with respiratory and cardiological complications often leading patients to exitus. These conditions are also traditional risk factors for severe COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 has affected people with chronic diseases, but the impact on people with Steinert's disease is poorly defined, with only a few reported and described. More data are needed to understand whether this genetic disease is a risk factor for more serious evolution or death in patients with COVID-19. Methodology: The study describes two cases of patients with SD and COVID-19 and summarizes available evidence of the clinical outcome of COVID-19 in patients with Steinert's disease, by performing a systematic review of the literature (following PRISMA statements and performing PROSPERO registration). Results: Overall, 5 cases were retrieved from the literature review, with a median age of 47 years, of whom 4 had advanced SD and unfortunately died. By contrast, the 2 patients from our clinical practice and 1 from literature had a good clinical outcomes. Mortality ranged from 57% (all cases) to 80% (only literature review). Conclusions: There is a high mortality rate in patients with both Steinert's disease and COVID-19. It highlights the importance of strengthening prevention strategies, especially vaccination. All SD with SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 patients should be identified early and treated to avoid complications. It is still unknown which treatment regimen is best to use in those patients. Studies on a greater number of patients are necessary to provide clinicians with further evidence.
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spelling doaj-art-a0f27aa551974cd8ae0144cbbe829a942025-08-20T03:52:42ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802023-02-01170210.3855/jidc.15653COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic reviewMaria Mazzitelli0Marco Trevenzoli1Monica Brundu2Giulia Squarzoni3Anna Maria Cattelan4Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua Hospital, Padua, ItalyInfectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua Hospital, Padua, ItalyInfectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua Hospital, Padua, ItalyRespiratory Disease Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, ItalyInfectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua Hospital, Padua, Italy Introduction: Steinert's disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive myotonia and multi-organ damage. It is associated with respiratory and cardiological complications often leading patients to exitus. These conditions are also traditional risk factors for severe COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 has affected people with chronic diseases, but the impact on people with Steinert's disease is poorly defined, with only a few reported and described. More data are needed to understand whether this genetic disease is a risk factor for more serious evolution or death in patients with COVID-19. Methodology: The study describes two cases of patients with SD and COVID-19 and summarizes available evidence of the clinical outcome of COVID-19 in patients with Steinert's disease, by performing a systematic review of the literature (following PRISMA statements and performing PROSPERO registration). Results: Overall, 5 cases were retrieved from the literature review, with a median age of 47 years, of whom 4 had advanced SD and unfortunately died. By contrast, the 2 patients from our clinical practice and 1 from literature had a good clinical outcomes. Mortality ranged from 57% (all cases) to 80% (only literature review). Conclusions: There is a high mortality rate in patients with both Steinert's disease and COVID-19. It highlights the importance of strengthening prevention strategies, especially vaccination. All SD with SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 patients should be identified early and treated to avoid complications. It is still unknown which treatment regimen is best to use in those patients. Studies on a greater number of patients are necessary to provide clinicians with further evidence. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15653COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Steinert’s diseasemyotonic dystrophyneurologic disorders
spellingShingle Maria Mazzitelli
Marco Trevenzoli
Monica Brundu
Giulia Squarzoni
Anna Maria Cattelan
COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Steinert’s disease
myotonic dystrophy
neurologic disorders
title COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review
title_full COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review
title_fullStr COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review
title_short COVID-19 and myotonic dystrophy: Case reports and systematic review
title_sort covid 19 and myotonic dystrophy case reports and systematic review
topic COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Steinert’s disease
myotonic dystrophy
neurologic disorders
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15653
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AT marcotrevenzoli covid19andmyotonicdystrophycasereportsandsystematicreview
AT monicabrundu covid19andmyotonicdystrophycasereportsandsystematicreview
AT giuliasquarzoni covid19andmyotonicdystrophycasereportsandsystematicreview
AT annamariacattelan covid19andmyotonicdystrophycasereportsandsystematicreview