Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States
A vortex is a topological defect in the superconducting condensate when a magnetic field is applied to a type-II superconductor, as elucidated by the Ginzburg-Landau theory. Because of the confinement of the quasiparticles by a vortex, it exhibits a circular-shaped pattern of bound states with discr...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Physical Society
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Physical Review X |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.15.011027 |
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| author | Zhiyong Hou Kailun Chen Wenshan Hong Da Wang Wen Duan Huan Yang Shiliang Li Huiqian Luo Qiang-Hua Wang Tao Xiang Hai-Hu Wen |
| author_facet | Zhiyong Hou Kailun Chen Wenshan Hong Da Wang Wen Duan Huan Yang Shiliang Li Huiqian Luo Qiang-Hua Wang Tao Xiang Hai-Hu Wen |
| author_sort | Zhiyong Hou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A vortex is a topological defect in the superconducting condensate when a magnetic field is applied to a type-II superconductor, as elucidated by the Ginzburg-Landau theory. Because of the confinement of the quasiparticles by a vortex, it exhibits a circular-shaped pattern of bound states with discrete energy levels, as predicted by the Caroli–de Gennes–Matricon theory in 1964. Here, however, we report a completely new type of vortex pattern which is necklacelike in an iron-based superconductor KCa_{2}Fe_{4}As_{4}F_{2}. Our theoretical analysis shows that this necklacelike vortex pattern arises primarily from selective off-shell interference between vortex bound states of opposite angular momenta in the presence of rotational symmetry breaking due to disorders. This fascinating effect can be observed in a system with a small Fermi energy and wave vector, conditions fortuitously met in our samples. Our results not only disclose a novel vortex structure, but also unravel a completely new quantum phenomenon in the superconducting condensate. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0ebf9caecd04fe988850b6b6f934f63 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2160-3308 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review X |
| spelling | doaj-art-a0ebf9caecd04fe988850b6b6f934f632025-02-07T15:13:32ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review X2160-33082025-02-0115101102710.1103/PhysRevX.15.011027Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound StatesZhiyong HouKailun ChenWenshan HongDa WangWen DuanHuan YangShiliang LiHuiqian LuoQiang-Hua WangTao XiangHai-Hu WenA vortex is a topological defect in the superconducting condensate when a magnetic field is applied to a type-II superconductor, as elucidated by the Ginzburg-Landau theory. Because of the confinement of the quasiparticles by a vortex, it exhibits a circular-shaped pattern of bound states with discrete energy levels, as predicted by the Caroli–de Gennes–Matricon theory in 1964. Here, however, we report a completely new type of vortex pattern which is necklacelike in an iron-based superconductor KCa_{2}Fe_{4}As_{4}F_{2}. Our theoretical analysis shows that this necklacelike vortex pattern arises primarily from selective off-shell interference between vortex bound states of opposite angular momenta in the presence of rotational symmetry breaking due to disorders. This fascinating effect can be observed in a system with a small Fermi energy and wave vector, conditions fortuitously met in our samples. Our results not only disclose a novel vortex structure, but also unravel a completely new quantum phenomenon in the superconducting condensate.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.15.011027 |
| spellingShingle | Zhiyong Hou Kailun Chen Wenshan Hong Da Wang Wen Duan Huan Yang Shiliang Li Huiqian Luo Qiang-Hua Wang Tao Xiang Hai-Hu Wen Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States Physical Review X |
| title | Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States |
| title_full | Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States |
| title_fullStr | Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States |
| title_short | Necklacelike Pattern of Vortex Bound States |
| title_sort | necklacelike pattern of vortex bound states |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.15.011027 |
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