Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries

IntroductionRunning biomechanics and expected mechanical asymmetries with no history of running-related injuries, and (2) determine whether age influenced gait parameter asymmetry.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 250 runners were used to test age effects on biomechanical variables and asym...

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Main Authors: Heather K. Vincent, Reed Popp, Orlando Cicilioni, Kevin R. Vincent, Lydia Pezzullo, Matthew Martenson, Ryan M. Nixon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Sports and Active Living
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2025.1560756/full
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author Heather K. Vincent
Reed Popp
Orlando Cicilioni
Orlando Cicilioni
Kevin R. Vincent
Lydia Pezzullo
Matthew Martenson
Ryan M. Nixon
author_facet Heather K. Vincent
Reed Popp
Orlando Cicilioni
Orlando Cicilioni
Kevin R. Vincent
Lydia Pezzullo
Matthew Martenson
Ryan M. Nixon
author_sort Heather K. Vincent
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionRunning biomechanics and expected mechanical asymmetries with no history of running-related injuries, and (2) determine whether age influenced gait parameter asymmetry.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 250 runners were used to test age effects on biomechanical variables and asymmetry outcomes. Effect sizes of age brackets were determined for runner characteristics and biomechanical variables.ResultsRunners aged 55 years had the slowest velocity and 1.7%–4% slower occurred in ankle flexion moments, ankle and knee frontal excursions, and peak VALR (range, 12.1%–33.8% different between right and left limbs).DiscussionGiven that we did not find consistent effects. These data can help inform reference ranges of normative biomechanical metrics and guide clinicians in gait retraining and performance targets across the age spectrum.
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spelling doaj-art-a0e5537c8a9645178ff11073646b54002025-08-20T01:47:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sports and Active Living2624-93672025-05-01710.3389/fspor.2025.15607561560756Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuriesHeather K. Vincent0Reed Popp1Orlando Cicilioni2Orlando Cicilioni3Kevin R. Vincent4Lydia Pezzullo5Matthew Martenson6Ryan M. Nixon7Exercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesExercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesExercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesDepartment of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesExercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesExercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesExercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesExercise and Functional Fitness Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesIntroductionRunning biomechanics and expected mechanical asymmetries with no history of running-related injuries, and (2) determine whether age influenced gait parameter asymmetry.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 250 runners were used to test age effects on biomechanical variables and asymmetry outcomes. Effect sizes of age brackets were determined for runner characteristics and biomechanical variables.ResultsRunners aged 55 years had the slowest velocity and 1.7%–4% slower occurred in ankle flexion moments, ankle and knee frontal excursions, and peak VALR (range, 12.1%–33.8% different between right and left limbs).DiscussionGiven that we did not find consistent effects. These data can help inform reference ranges of normative biomechanical metrics and guide clinicians in gait retraining and performance targets across the age spectrum.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2025.1560756/fullrunninggaitbiomechanicsinterlimb asymmetryground reaction force (GRF)
spellingShingle Heather K. Vincent
Reed Popp
Orlando Cicilioni
Orlando Cicilioni
Kevin R. Vincent
Lydia Pezzullo
Matthew Martenson
Ryan M. Nixon
Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living
running
gait
biomechanics
interlimb asymmetry
ground reaction force (GRF)
title Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries
title_full Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries
title_fullStr Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries
title_full_unstemmed Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries
title_short Reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running-related injuries
title_sort reference biomechanical parameters and natural asymmetry among runners across the age spectrum without a history of running related injuries
topic running
gait
biomechanics
interlimb asymmetry
ground reaction force (GRF)
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2025.1560756/full
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