Personalized learning in hybrid education

Abstract The process of teaching and learning during the pandemic has been evolving globally, with many institutions transforming their approaches to enhance the teaching and learning experience. Despite the presence of improved frameworks due to the varied learning capabilities of students, it rema...

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Main Authors: Alaa O. Khadidos, Hariprasath Manoharan, Adil O. Khadidos, Mohammad N. Alanazi, Fuhid Alanazi, Shitharth Selvarajan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03361-5
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author Alaa O. Khadidos
Hariprasath Manoharan
Adil O. Khadidos
Mohammad N. Alanazi
Fuhid Alanazi
Shitharth Selvarajan
author_facet Alaa O. Khadidos
Hariprasath Manoharan
Adil O. Khadidos
Mohammad N. Alanazi
Fuhid Alanazi
Shitharth Selvarajan
author_sort Alaa O. Khadidos
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The process of teaching and learning during the pandemic has been evolving globally, with many institutions transforming their approaches to enhance the teaching and learning experience. Despite the presence of improved frameworks due to the varied learning capabilities of students, it remains quite challenging to analyse individual characteristic features. Consequently, this research provides clear insights into the integration of the Personalised Learning Approach (PLA) to foster effective interaction with students. However, many existing methods suggest different techniques for evaluating learners in a hybrid mode, where obtaining clear data sets can be difficult. In the teaching and learning approach, if the defined data set from experts is clear, decisions regarding the learning characteristics of students can be made in a shorter period. In the proposed method the PLA framework categorizes learners into four engagement-based clusters using a three-dimensional sensor model and machine learning classifiers. A dual-controller mechanism (master-slave) dynamically adjusts communication intervals and optimizes video transmission, reducing latency and packet loss. The methodology is validated using MATLAB-based simulations with a dataset of 1,700–5,000 learners, analyzing throughput, delay, packet loss, and cost efficiency. The test results clearly demonstrate that the PLA outperforms the conventional method, not only with the parameters mentioned above but also in terms of cost-effectiveness using master and slave controllers.
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spelling doaj-art-a0d251bde05e4528bd73f08485e62d912025-08-20T03:48:19ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111810.1038/s41598-025-03361-5Personalized learning in hybrid educationAlaa O. Khadidos0Hariprasath Manoharan1Adil O. Khadidos2Mohammad N. Alanazi3Fuhid Alanazi4Shitharth Selvarajan5Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz UniversityDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Panimalar Engineering CollegeDepartment of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz UniversityCollege of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Faculty of Computer and Information Systems, Islamic University of MadinahDepartment of Computer Science, Kebri Dehar UniversityAbstract The process of teaching and learning during the pandemic has been evolving globally, with many institutions transforming their approaches to enhance the teaching and learning experience. Despite the presence of improved frameworks due to the varied learning capabilities of students, it remains quite challenging to analyse individual characteristic features. Consequently, this research provides clear insights into the integration of the Personalised Learning Approach (PLA) to foster effective interaction with students. However, many existing methods suggest different techniques for evaluating learners in a hybrid mode, where obtaining clear data sets can be difficult. In the teaching and learning approach, if the defined data set from experts is clear, decisions regarding the learning characteristics of students can be made in a shorter period. In the proposed method the PLA framework categorizes learners into four engagement-based clusters using a three-dimensional sensor model and machine learning classifiers. A dual-controller mechanism (master-slave) dynamically adjusts communication intervals and optimizes video transmission, reducing latency and packet loss. The methodology is validated using MATLAB-based simulations with a dataset of 1,700–5,000 learners, analyzing throughput, delay, packet loss, and cost efficiency. The test results clearly demonstrate that the PLA outperforms the conventional method, not only with the parameters mentioned above but also in terms of cost-effectiveness using master and slave controllers.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03361-5Teaching learningMachine learning (ML)Personalized learning approach (PLA)Video classes
spellingShingle Alaa O. Khadidos
Hariprasath Manoharan
Adil O. Khadidos
Mohammad N. Alanazi
Fuhid Alanazi
Shitharth Selvarajan
Personalized learning in hybrid education
Scientific Reports
Teaching learning
Machine learning (ML)
Personalized learning approach (PLA)
Video classes
title Personalized learning in hybrid education
title_full Personalized learning in hybrid education
title_fullStr Personalized learning in hybrid education
title_full_unstemmed Personalized learning in hybrid education
title_short Personalized learning in hybrid education
title_sort personalized learning in hybrid education
topic Teaching learning
Machine learning (ML)
Personalized learning approach (PLA)
Video classes
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03361-5
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