Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications
Abstract The development of the internet of things necessitates more compact electronic products. This paper proposes a novel approach: designing a predefined shape to function as a antenna without changing its visual appearance. By comparing with the defined threshold, an example of university embl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06781-5 |
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| author | Fan Jiang Zhen Zhang Bo Liu Weihua Yu |
| author_facet | Fan Jiang Zhen Zhang Bo Liu Weihua Yu |
| author_sort | Fan Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The development of the internet of things necessitates more compact electronic products. This paper proposes a novel approach: designing a predefined shape to function as a antenna without changing its visual appearance. By comparing with the defined threshold, an example of university emblem image is transformed into a binarized image, then define the conductive metal and dielectric substrates. The metallic part are pixelated, ports are added between adjacent pixels, and the initial structure’s port impedance matrix is derived through full electromagnetic simulation, forming a multi-port network model. The target three bands are: WiFi 2.4 GHz (2.4–2.5 GHz), LTE FDD Band 3400 (3.4–3.5 GHz), and FR1 n79 band (4.7–4.9 GHz). Leveraging the port impedance matrix, we employ a genetic algorithm to optimize the pixel connectivity, meeting the defined design specifications. The resulting patch antenna, retaining the appearance of the university emblem, achieves 12.9%/22.8%/7.0% bandwidths, 3.6/4.6/3.0 dBi gains, and > 75% efficiency, thereby validating the proposed method. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0c588f9d9504ef780c15946a3d61396 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-a0c588f9d9504ef780c15946a3d613962025-08-20T04:01:25ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-011511910.1038/s41598-025-06781-5Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applicationsFan Jiang0Zhen Zhang1Bo Liu2Weihua Yu3School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of TechnologySchool of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou UniversityJames Watt School of Engineering, University of GlasgowSchool of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of TechnologyAbstract The development of the internet of things necessitates more compact electronic products. This paper proposes a novel approach: designing a predefined shape to function as a antenna without changing its visual appearance. By comparing with the defined threshold, an example of university emblem image is transformed into a binarized image, then define the conductive metal and dielectric substrates. The metallic part are pixelated, ports are added between adjacent pixels, and the initial structure’s port impedance matrix is derived through full electromagnetic simulation, forming a multi-port network model. The target three bands are: WiFi 2.4 GHz (2.4–2.5 GHz), LTE FDD Band 3400 (3.4–3.5 GHz), and FR1 n79 band (4.7–4.9 GHz). Leveraging the port impedance matrix, we employ a genetic algorithm to optimize the pixel connectivity, meeting the defined design specifications. The resulting patch antenna, retaining the appearance of the university emblem, achieves 12.9%/22.8%/7.0% bandwidths, 3.6/4.6/3.0 dBi gains, and > 75% efficiency, thereby validating the proposed method.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06781-5Internet of thingsImage segmentationLogo antennaMulti-port networkPatch antennaPredefined shape |
| spellingShingle | Fan Jiang Zhen Zhang Bo Liu Weihua Yu Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications Scientific Reports Internet of things Image segmentation Logo antenna Multi-port network Patch antenna Predefined shape |
| title | Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications |
| title_full | Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications |
| title_fullStr | Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications |
| title_short | Multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for IoT applications |
| title_sort | multiband antenna design method using predefined shapes and image segmentation techniques for iot applications |
| topic | Internet of things Image segmentation Logo antenna Multi-port network Patch antenna Predefined shape |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06781-5 |
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