Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking pack-year quantiles
Introduction This study investigated the risks for all-cause death and death from cancer or cardiovascular diseases due to smoking status and behavior, focusing on differences in smoking duration and amount stratified by sex. Methods The integrated Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study provided data...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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European Publishing
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Dose-response-risks-of-all-cause-cancer-and-cardiovascular-ndisease-mortality-according,189952,0,2.html |
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| author | Jieun Hwang Suyoung Jo Heewon Kang Eunsil Cheon Sung-il Cho |
| author_facet | Jieun Hwang Suyoung Jo Heewon Kang Eunsil Cheon Sung-il Cho |
| author_sort | Jieun Hwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
This study investigated the risks for all-cause death and death from
cancer or cardiovascular diseases due to smoking status and behavior, focusing
on differences in smoking duration and amount stratified by sex.
Methods
The integrated Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study provided data
for 209770 individuals who were classified as never, former, or current smokers,
based on their current smoking status. Pack-years were computed using daily
average smoking amount and total smoking duration, and were categorized into
quantiles separately for men and women. Based on the number of deaths in
2018, hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated for all-cause mortality, as well as for
death caused by all cancers, lung cancer, and cardiovascular diseases according to
pack-years adjusted for age, household income, marital status, body mass index,
physical activity, and alcohol consumption.
Results
A significant increase in the risk of all-cause mortality was observed for
current smokers (men HR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.69–2.14; women HR=2.25; 95% CI:
1.68–2.99) and former smokers (men HR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.17–1.47; women
HR=2.35; 95% CI: 1.63–3.39) compared with that for those who had never
smoked. Among men, HR for death from lung cancer was 3.13 (95% CI: 2.06–
4.75) in former smokers and tended to increase with each pack-year quantile
(range HR: 5.72–17.11). Among women, the HR was estimated to be 17.20 (95%
CI: 6.22–47.57) only for >3rd quantile.
Conclusions
Smoking increases the risks of all-cause death. Considering the
persistent risks post-smoking cessation, it is vital to focus on preventing smoking
initiation and providing proactive support for successful smoking cessation and
maintenance of a smoke-free lifestyle. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0c1d5abd2974704a2e3050fb61fef06 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1617-9625 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-a0c1d5abd2974704a2e3050fb61fef062025-01-24T15:27:00ZengEuropean PublishingTobacco Induced Diseases1617-96252024-07-0122July11010.18332/tid/189952189952Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking pack-year quantilesJieun Hwang0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-6107Suyoung Jo1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-0160Heewon Kang2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-5678Eunsil Cheon3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-8365Sung-il Cho4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4085-1494Department of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaIntroduction This study investigated the risks for all-cause death and death from cancer or cardiovascular diseases due to smoking status and behavior, focusing on differences in smoking duration and amount stratified by sex. Methods The integrated Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study provided data for 209770 individuals who were classified as never, former, or current smokers, based on their current smoking status. Pack-years were computed using daily average smoking amount and total smoking duration, and were categorized into quantiles separately for men and women. Based on the number of deaths in 2018, hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated for all-cause mortality, as well as for death caused by all cancers, lung cancer, and cardiovascular diseases according to pack-years adjusted for age, household income, marital status, body mass index, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. Results A significant increase in the risk of all-cause mortality was observed for current smokers (men HR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.69–2.14; women HR=2.25; 95% CI: 1.68–2.99) and former smokers (men HR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.17–1.47; women HR=2.35; 95% CI: 1.63–3.39) compared with that for those who had never smoked. Among men, HR for death from lung cancer was 3.13 (95% CI: 2.06– 4.75) in former smokers and tended to increase with each pack-year quantile (range HR: 5.72–17.11). Among women, the HR was estimated to be 17.20 (95% CI: 6.22–47.57) only for >3rd quantile. Conclusions Smoking increases the risks of all-cause death. Considering the persistent risks post-smoking cessation, it is vital to focus on preventing smoking initiation and providing proactive support for successful smoking cessation and maintenance of a smoke-free lifestyle.https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Dose-response-risks-of-all-cause-cancer-and-cardiovascular-ndisease-mortality-according,189952,0,2.htmlsmokingmortalitydeathcessationrisk |
| spellingShingle | Jieun Hwang Suyoung Jo Heewon Kang Eunsil Cheon Sung-il Cho Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking pack-year quantiles Tobacco Induced Diseases smoking mortality death cessation risk |
| title | Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular
disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking
pack-year quantiles |
| title_full | Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular
disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking
pack-year quantiles |
| title_fullStr | Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular
disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking
pack-year quantiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular
disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking
pack-year quantiles |
| title_short | Dose-response risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular
disease mortality according to sex-specific cigarette smoking
pack-year quantiles |
| title_sort | dose response risks of all cause cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality according to sex specific cigarette smoking pack year quantiles |
| topic | smoking mortality death cessation risk |
| url | https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Dose-response-risks-of-all-cause-cancer-and-cardiovascular-ndisease-mortality-according,189952,0,2.html |
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