Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped global work patterns, making flexible employment a critical issue. This study investigates how self-determination efficacy influences university students’ willingness to pursue flexible jobs in China. Using data from 1270 survey responses, we applied Parti...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Quanling Cai, Weidong Chen, Mingxing Wang, Kaisheng Di
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2025-06-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05117-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849691405001162752
author Quanling Cai
Weidong Chen
Mingxing Wang
Kaisheng Di
author_facet Quanling Cai
Weidong Chen
Mingxing Wang
Kaisheng Di
author_sort Quanling Cai
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped global work patterns, making flexible employment a critical issue. This study investigates how self-determination efficacy influences university students’ willingness to pursue flexible jobs in China. Using data from 1270 survey responses, we applied Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). The results show that self-determination efficacy positively affects students’ willingness to pursue flexible employment directly and indirectly through mediating factors like work-life balance, job satisfaction, and perceived self-development. The ANN model reveals complex nonlinear relationships, indicating that the impact of self-determination efficacy on employment intention is not linear. Furthermore, fsQCA identifies multiple pathways under different conditions, highlighting the importance of self-determination efficacy in specific contexts. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and higher education institutions on promoting flexible employment among students.
format Article
id doaj-art-a0a2a313fcc24b149cc3289e5f225006
institution DOAJ
issn 2662-9992
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Springer Nature
record_format Article
series Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
spelling doaj-art-a0a2a313fcc24b149cc3289e5f2250062025-08-20T03:21:02ZengSpringer NatureHumanities & Social Sciences Communications2662-99922025-06-0112111810.1057/s41599-025-05117-yPost-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCAQuanling Cai0Weidong Chen1Mingxing Wang2Kaisheng Di3Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityQinghai UniversityTianjin UniversityAbstract The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped global work patterns, making flexible employment a critical issue. This study investigates how self-determination efficacy influences university students’ willingness to pursue flexible jobs in China. Using data from 1270 survey responses, we applied Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). The results show that self-determination efficacy positively affects students’ willingness to pursue flexible employment directly and indirectly through mediating factors like work-life balance, job satisfaction, and perceived self-development. The ANN model reveals complex nonlinear relationships, indicating that the impact of self-determination efficacy on employment intention is not linear. Furthermore, fsQCA identifies multiple pathways under different conditions, highlighting the importance of self-determination efficacy in specific contexts. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and higher education institutions on promoting flexible employment among students.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05117-y
spellingShingle Quanling Cai
Weidong Chen
Mingxing Wang
Kaisheng Di
Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
title Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA
title_full Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA
title_fullStr Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA
title_full_unstemmed Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA
title_short Post-pandemic job market: an analysis of factors influencing university students’ willingness for flexible employment based on SEM-ANN-fsQCA
title_sort post pandemic job market an analysis of factors influencing university students willingness for flexible employment based on sem ann fsqca
url https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05117-y
work_keys_str_mv AT quanlingcai postpandemicjobmarketananalysisoffactorsinfluencinguniversitystudentswillingnessforflexibleemploymentbasedonsemannfsqca
AT weidongchen postpandemicjobmarketananalysisoffactorsinfluencinguniversitystudentswillingnessforflexibleemploymentbasedonsemannfsqca
AT mingxingwang postpandemicjobmarketananalysisoffactorsinfluencinguniversitystudentswillingnessforflexibleemploymentbasedonsemannfsqca
AT kaishengdi postpandemicjobmarketananalysisoffactorsinfluencinguniversitystudentswillingnessforflexibleemploymentbasedonsemannfsqca