Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Cognitive and physical function both typically decline with age. Kyphosis is backward curvature of the spine that is especially commonly seen in older adults. This study seeks to clarify the suspected relationship between kyphosis posture and cognitive function in community-dwell...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-06098-y |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849334561721286656 |
|---|---|
| author | Misa Nakamura Masakazu Imaoka Fumie Tazaki Takanari Kubo Tatsunori Murakami Koichi Shimano Masataka Ohki Masayo Inoue Mitsumasa Hida |
| author_facet | Misa Nakamura Masakazu Imaoka Fumie Tazaki Takanari Kubo Tatsunori Murakami Koichi Shimano Masataka Ohki Masayo Inoue Mitsumasa Hida |
| author_sort | Misa Nakamura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cognitive and physical function both typically decline with age. Kyphosis is backward curvature of the spine that is especially commonly seen in older adults. This study seeks to clarify the suspected relationship between kyphosis posture and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This cross-sectional study included 301 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 60 years in Japan. The kyphosis index (KI) was determined according to a previously-reported method, cognitive function was evaluated using ACE-III, and physical functions were measured by handgrip strength, gait speed, and 2-step test. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify factors affecting the KI, and we used a simple mediation analysis to clarify factors mediating the relationship between the KI and cognitive function using PROCESS Macro- Model 4 for SPSS and bootstrap method. Indirect effects were tested using bootstrapped confidence intervals (CI). Results In multiple linear regression analysis, gait speed (β = -0.188, p = 0.0007), 2-step value (β = －0.227, p < 0.0001) and language domain score (β = －0.136, p = 0.0160) were significantly associated with KI after adjustment for sex, age, education, body mass index and osteoporosis. Mediation analysis revealed a relationship between KI and language score; gait speed (indirect effect: −0.019, 95% CI: −0.039 to − 0.005) and 2-step value (indirect effect: −0.026, 95% CI: −0.051 to − 0.007) in complete mediation and grip strength (indirect effect: −0.014, 95% CI: −0.036 to − 0.001) in partial mediation. Conclusions This study highlights worsening of kyphosis results to be related to decline in language ability by physical function. Trial registration Not applicable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a09db098cb3e4ecb85b6050c6adf5d0a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-a09db098cb3e4ecb85b6050c6adf5d0a2025-08-20T03:45:32ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182025-06-0125111010.1186/s12877-025-06098-yAssociation of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional studyMisa Nakamura0Masakazu Imaoka1Fumie Tazaki2Takanari Kubo3Tatsunori Murakami4Koichi Shimano5Masataka Ohki6Masayo Inoue7Mitsumasa Hida8Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityGraduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation UniversityAbstract Background Cognitive and physical function both typically decline with age. Kyphosis is backward curvature of the spine that is especially commonly seen in older adults. This study seeks to clarify the suspected relationship between kyphosis posture and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This cross-sectional study included 301 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 60 years in Japan. The kyphosis index (KI) was determined according to a previously-reported method, cognitive function was evaluated using ACE-III, and physical functions were measured by handgrip strength, gait speed, and 2-step test. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify factors affecting the KI, and we used a simple mediation analysis to clarify factors mediating the relationship between the KI and cognitive function using PROCESS Macro- Model 4 for SPSS and bootstrap method. Indirect effects were tested using bootstrapped confidence intervals (CI). Results In multiple linear regression analysis, gait speed (β = -0.188, p = 0.0007), 2-step value (β = －0.227, p < 0.0001) and language domain score (β = －0.136, p = 0.0160) were significantly associated with KI after adjustment for sex, age, education, body mass index and osteoporosis. Mediation analysis revealed a relationship between KI and language score; gait speed (indirect effect: −0.019, 95% CI: −0.039 to − 0.005) and 2-step value (indirect effect: −0.026, 95% CI: −0.051 to − 0.007) in complete mediation and grip strength (indirect effect: −0.014, 95% CI: −0.036 to − 0.001) in partial mediation. Conclusions This study highlights worsening of kyphosis results to be related to decline in language ability by physical function. Trial registration Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-06098-yKyphosis indexCognitive functionPhysical functionOlder adults |
| spellingShingle | Misa Nakamura Masakazu Imaoka Fumie Tazaki Takanari Kubo Tatsunori Murakami Koichi Shimano Masataka Ohki Masayo Inoue Mitsumasa Hida Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study BMC Geriatrics Kyphosis index Cognitive function Physical function Older adults |
| title | Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | association of kyphosis index with decreased physical function and cognitive domain in community dwelling older adults a cross sectional study |
| topic | Kyphosis index Cognitive function Physical function Older adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-06098-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT misanakamura associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT masakazuimaoka associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT fumietazaki associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT takanarikubo associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT tatsunorimurakami associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT koichishimano associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT masatakaohki associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT masayoinoue associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy AT mitsumasahida associationofkyphosisindexwithdecreasedphysicalfunctionandcognitivedomainincommunitydwellingolderadultsacrosssectionalstudy |