Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study
Abstract Background Asthma is a common respiratory disease in children, and air pollution is a risk factor for pediatric asthma. However, how air pollution affects blood cells in pediatric patients with asthma remains unclear. Methods This retrospective observational study, performed in 2007–2018 at...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Kuo-Chen Huang Hsiu-Yung Pan Ting-Min Hsieh Chih-Cheng Chen Fu-Jen Cheng |
| author_facet | Kuo-Chen Huang Hsiu-Yung Pan Ting-Min Hsieh Chih-Cheng Chen Fu-Jen Cheng |
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| description | Abstract Background Asthma is a common respiratory disease in children, and air pollution is a risk factor for pediatric asthma. However, how air pollution affects blood cells in pediatric patients with asthma remains unclear. Methods This retrospective observational study, performed in 2007–2018 at a medical center, enrolled non-trauma patients aged < 17 years who visited the emergency department and had asthma. Medical records and blood cell counts, including absolute neutrophil count (ANC), eosinophil count, and platelet count were extracted. The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were measured from 11 air-monitoring stations in Kaohsiung City. Results One-unit increases in PM2.5 (regression coefficient: 25.618; S.E.: 5.937; p < 0.001), PM10 (19.97; 3.541; p < 0.001), NO2 (70.681; 15.857; p < 0.001), SO2 (81.694; 30.339; p = 0.007), and O3 (23.42; 8.831; p = 0.022) on lag 0–6 (7 d average) correlated positively with ANC. One-unit increases in PM2.5 (0.859; 0.357; p = 0.016), PM10 (0.728; 0.213; p = 0.001), and SO2 (4.086; 1.811; p = 0.024) on lag 0–6 correlated positively with eosinophil count. Additionally, one-unit increases in PM2.5 (0.302; 0.101; p = 0.003) and PM10 (0.229; 0.06; p < 0.001) on lag 0–6 correlated positively with platelet count. In a two-pollutant model, the impacts of PM2.5 and PMC on ANC and platelet count remained statistically significant after adjusting for other air pollutants. Additionally, PMC correlated significantly with eosinophil count after adjusting for PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3. Quartile increases in PM2.5 and PMC levels correlated positively with ANC, eosinophil count, and platelet count (all p for trend < 0.05). Conclusions PM2.5, PMC, and NO2 were independently and positively associated with ANC, PMC was positively associated with eosinophil count, and PM2.5 and PMC were positively associated with platelet count in pediatric patients with asthma. Our results highlight the relationship between air pollution and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0989cfce8f741238af1ea54a06c70a0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-a0989cfce8f741238af1ea54a06c70a02025-01-26T12:56:01ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111010.1186/s12889-025-21517-wAssociation between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational studyKuo-Chen Huang0Hsiu-Yung Pan1Ting-Min Hsieh2Chih-Cheng Chen3Fu-Jen Cheng4Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineDivision of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineAbstract Background Asthma is a common respiratory disease in children, and air pollution is a risk factor for pediatric asthma. However, how air pollution affects blood cells in pediatric patients with asthma remains unclear. Methods This retrospective observational study, performed in 2007–2018 at a medical center, enrolled non-trauma patients aged < 17 years who visited the emergency department and had asthma. Medical records and blood cell counts, including absolute neutrophil count (ANC), eosinophil count, and platelet count were extracted. The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were measured from 11 air-monitoring stations in Kaohsiung City. Results One-unit increases in PM2.5 (regression coefficient: 25.618; S.E.: 5.937; p < 0.001), PM10 (19.97; 3.541; p < 0.001), NO2 (70.681; 15.857; p < 0.001), SO2 (81.694; 30.339; p = 0.007), and O3 (23.42; 8.831; p = 0.022) on lag 0–6 (7 d average) correlated positively with ANC. One-unit increases in PM2.5 (0.859; 0.357; p = 0.016), PM10 (0.728; 0.213; p = 0.001), and SO2 (4.086; 1.811; p = 0.024) on lag 0–6 correlated positively with eosinophil count. Additionally, one-unit increases in PM2.5 (0.302; 0.101; p = 0.003) and PM10 (0.229; 0.06; p < 0.001) on lag 0–6 correlated positively with platelet count. In a two-pollutant model, the impacts of PM2.5 and PMC on ANC and platelet count remained statistically significant after adjusting for other air pollutants. Additionally, PMC correlated significantly with eosinophil count after adjusting for PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3. Quartile increases in PM2.5 and PMC levels correlated positively with ANC, eosinophil count, and platelet count (all p for trend < 0.05). Conclusions PM2.5, PMC, and NO2 were independently and positively associated with ANC, PMC was positively associated with eosinophil count, and PM2.5 and PMC were positively associated with platelet count in pediatric patients with asthma. Our results highlight the relationship between air pollution and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21517-wAir pollutantBlood cell countsPediatricAsthmaParticulate matter |
| spellingShingle | Kuo-Chen Huang Hsiu-Yung Pan Ting-Min Hsieh Chih-Cheng Chen Fu-Jen Cheng Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study BMC Public Health Air pollutant Blood cell counts Pediatric Asthma Particulate matter |
| title | Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study |
| title_full | Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study |
| title_fullStr | Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study |
| title_short | Association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma: a retrospective observational study |
| title_sort | association between air pollutants and blood cell counts in pediatric patients with asthma a retrospective observational study |
| topic | Air pollutant Blood cell counts Pediatric Asthma Particulate matter |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21517-w |
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