Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions

Citrus spp. trees are not fully dormant during the winter months in the northern hemisphere; therefore, they are susceptible to sporadic freeze events of various magnitudes that could decline tree productivity or be lethal. In Feb 2021, winter storm Uri produced freezing air temperatures for nearly...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: D. A. De Leon, S. D. Nelson, M. Sétamou, A. Bhandari, E. Zamora, A. Zaragoza, M. C. Donato, J. Reyes-Cabrera
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) 2024-11-01
Series:HortScience
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/12/article-p1763.xml
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850192371254296576
author D. A. De Leon
S. D. Nelson
M. Sétamou
A. Bhandari
E. Zamora
A. Zaragoza
M. C. Donato
J. Reyes-Cabrera
author_facet D. A. De Leon
S. D. Nelson
M. Sétamou
A. Bhandari
E. Zamora
A. Zaragoza
M. C. Donato
J. Reyes-Cabrera
author_sort D. A. De Leon
collection DOAJ
description Citrus spp. trees are not fully dormant during the winter months in the northern hemisphere; therefore, they are susceptible to sporadic freeze events of various magnitudes that could decline tree productivity or be lethal. In Feb 2021, winter storm Uri produced freezing air temperatures for nearly 72 hours, which created several degrees of injuries to citrus orchards in southern Texas. Producers in the area implemented combinations of multiple horticultural practices aimed at remediating injuries from the cold spell to stimulate root and tree recovery. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how practices such as compost application (CA) combined with varying rates of nitrogen (N) might facilitate tree recovery. Therefore, we conducted a 2-year field experiment using two CAs as soil amendments in combination with three N rates (112, 168, and 224 kg·ha−1 N) to evaluate fruit yield and internal quality, root growth, and recovery of ‘Rio Red’ grapefruits (Citrus ×paradisi Macf.) and ‘Marrs’ sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis). The yields of both crops exhibited modest improvement with CA in 2022; however, it was nonsignificant. Moreover, CA elicited more beneficial effects than N rates alone when rehabilitating trees and improving fruit internal quality after freezing events. Grapefruit brix was 4% higher in fruits harvested from trees treated with compost, and grapefruit roots exhibited a two-fold dry weight increment with CA. Sweet oranges from trees in the CA treatment had 22% lower acidity compared with that of untreated trees. Overall, our results indicate that citrus producers in southern Texas and other subtropical citrus-producing regions might facilitate the rehabilitation of tree injuries attributed to mild to moderate freeze events with moderate financial gains with the timely application of compost, which enhanced tree fitness and ameliorated fruit productivity declines during subsequent harvests.
format Article
id doaj-art-a067c7752dee440ca2a6508fdecb7819
institution OA Journals
issn 2327-9834
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)
record_format Article
series HortScience
spelling doaj-art-a067c7752dee440ca2a6508fdecb78192025-08-20T02:14:35ZengAmerican Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)HortScience2327-98342024-11-015912https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI18233-24Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical RegionsD. A. De Leon0S. D. Nelson1M. Sétamou2A. Bhandari3E. Zamora4A. Zaragoza5M. C. Donato6J. Reyes-Cabrera7Department of Agriculture, Agribusiness and Environmental Sciences, Dick and Mary Lewis Kleberg College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Texas A&M University–KingsvilleDepartment of Agriculture, Agribusiness and Environmental Sciences, Dick and Mary Lewis Kleberg College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Texas A&M University–Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; and Texas A&M University–Kingsville Citrus CenterTexas A&M University–Kingsville Citrus CenterDepartment of Agriculture, Agribusiness and Environmental Sciences, Dick and Mary Lewis Kleberg College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Texas A&M University–Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; and Crop Production Systems Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776, USADepartment of Agriculture, Agribusiness and Environmental Sciences, Dick and Mary Lewis Kleberg College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Texas A&M University–KingsvilleDepartment of Agriculture, Agribusiness and Environmental Sciences, Dick and Mary Lewis Kleberg College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Texas A&M University–KingsvilleDepartment of Agriculture, Agribusiness and Environmental Sciences, Dick and Mary Lewis Kleberg College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Texas A&M University–KingsvilleTexas A&M University–Kingsville Citrus CenterCitrus spp. trees are not fully dormant during the winter months in the northern hemisphere; therefore, they are susceptible to sporadic freeze events of various magnitudes that could decline tree productivity or be lethal. In Feb 2021, winter storm Uri produced freezing air temperatures for nearly 72 hours, which created several degrees of injuries to citrus orchards in southern Texas. Producers in the area implemented combinations of multiple horticultural practices aimed at remediating injuries from the cold spell to stimulate root and tree recovery. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how practices such as compost application (CA) combined with varying rates of nitrogen (N) might facilitate tree recovery. Therefore, we conducted a 2-year field experiment using two CAs as soil amendments in combination with three N rates (112, 168, and 224 kg·ha−1 N) to evaluate fruit yield and internal quality, root growth, and recovery of ‘Rio Red’ grapefruits (Citrus ×paradisi Macf.) and ‘Marrs’ sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis). The yields of both crops exhibited modest improvement with CA in 2022; however, it was nonsignificant. Moreover, CA elicited more beneficial effects than N rates alone when rehabilitating trees and improving fruit internal quality after freezing events. Grapefruit brix was 4% higher in fruits harvested from trees treated with compost, and grapefruit roots exhibited a two-fold dry weight increment with CA. Sweet oranges from trees in the CA treatment had 22% lower acidity compared with that of untreated trees. Overall, our results indicate that citrus producers in southern Texas and other subtropical citrus-producing regions might facilitate the rehabilitation of tree injuries attributed to mild to moderate freeze events with moderate financial gains with the timely application of compost, which enhanced tree fitness and ameliorated fruit productivity declines during subsequent harvests.https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/12/article-p1763.xmlcompostgrapefruitnitrogen (n) ratessweet orangetexas
spellingShingle D. A. De Leon
S. D. Nelson
M. Sétamou
A. Bhandari
E. Zamora
A. Zaragoza
M. C. Donato
J. Reyes-Cabrera
Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions
HortScience
compost
grapefruit
nitrogen (n) rates
sweet orange
texas
title Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions
title_full Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions
title_fullStr Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions
title_short Enhanced Nutrition Programs to Rehabilitate Freeze-stressed Citrus Trees in Subtropical Regions
title_sort enhanced nutrition programs to rehabilitate freeze stressed citrus trees in subtropical regions
topic compost
grapefruit
nitrogen (n) rates
sweet orange
texas
url https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/12/article-p1763.xml
work_keys_str_mv AT dadeleon enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT sdnelson enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT msetamou enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT abhandari enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT ezamora enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT azaragoza enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT mcdonato enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions
AT jreyescabrera enhancednutritionprogramstorehabilitatefreezestressedcitrustreesinsubtropicalregions