Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.

Pakistan has the largest national burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (9.8 million). High levels of testing and treatment are needed to achieve HCV elimination, but little data exists on this in Pakistan. A household sero-survey from Sindh province (2019-2020) collected self-reported data f...

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Main Authors: Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh, Josephine G Walker, Aaron G Lim, Ejaz Alam, Saeed Hamid, Graham R Foster, Naheed Choudhry, M Azim Ansari, Huma Qureshi, Peter Vickerman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLOS Global Public Health
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004706
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author Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh
Josephine G Walker
Aaron G Lim
Ejaz Alam
Saeed Hamid
Graham R Foster
Naheed Choudhry
M Azim Ansari
Huma Qureshi
Peter Vickerman
author_facet Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh
Josephine G Walker
Aaron G Lim
Ejaz Alam
Saeed Hamid
Graham R Foster
Naheed Choudhry
M Azim Ansari
Huma Qureshi
Peter Vickerman
author_sort Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh
collection DOAJ
description Pakistan has the largest national burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (9.8 million). High levels of testing and treatment are needed to achieve HCV elimination, but little data exists on this in Pakistan. A household sero-survey from Sindh province (2019-2020) collected self-reported data from adults on previous HCV testing and treatment, and undertook HCV-antibody (HCV-Ab) testing of participants (2988 children (<18) and 3684 adults) and HCV-RNA testing of HCV-Ab positive individuals. We determined the self-reported HCV cascade-of-care among adults ever eligible for HCV treatment, defined as either having a past infection (HCV-Ab positive and HCV-RNA negative) with self-reported treatment history or current infection (HCV-RNA positive). We assessed factors associated with self-reporting ever being HCV-tested using multi-variable logistic regression. Overall, 10.8% (397/3684) of adults tested HCV Ab-positive in the sero-survey, of which 80.9% (321/397) had a HCV-RNA test result. Of adults defined as ever treatment eligible (n = 232), 40.9% (95/232) reported a previous HCV test and 91.2% (87/95) reported testing positive. Of these, HCV treatment was reported by 69.0% (60/87) and 46.7% (28/60) of treated individuals tested HCV-RNA-negative. Overall, 25.9% (60/232) of treatment-eligible adults reported being treated. The regression analysis suggested that males, older adults (>25 years), and adults with a secondary or higher education level were more likely to have ever been tested for HCV, as were individuals with a family history of hepatitis, received HBV vaccination or that had various risk factors linked to HCV transmission (e.g., blood transfusion, having tattoo/acupuncture, hospitalisation or therapeutic injection (s) history). The cascade-of-care for HCV needs improving to eliminate HCV in Pakistan, especially among younger adults, women and people with low education levels.
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spelling doaj-art-a0486383bb7045f0bfe028b4d77089582025-08-20T02:35:56ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLOS Global Public Health2767-33752025-01-0157e000470610.1371/journal.pgph.0004706Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.Tesfa Sewunet AlamnehJosephine G WalkerAaron G LimEjaz AlamSaeed HamidGraham R FosterNaheed ChoudhryM Azim AnsariHuma QureshiPeter VickermanPakistan has the largest national burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (9.8 million). High levels of testing and treatment are needed to achieve HCV elimination, but little data exists on this in Pakistan. A household sero-survey from Sindh province (2019-2020) collected self-reported data from adults on previous HCV testing and treatment, and undertook HCV-antibody (HCV-Ab) testing of participants (2988 children (<18) and 3684 adults) and HCV-RNA testing of HCV-Ab positive individuals. We determined the self-reported HCV cascade-of-care among adults ever eligible for HCV treatment, defined as either having a past infection (HCV-Ab positive and HCV-RNA negative) with self-reported treatment history or current infection (HCV-RNA positive). We assessed factors associated with self-reporting ever being HCV-tested using multi-variable logistic regression. Overall, 10.8% (397/3684) of adults tested HCV Ab-positive in the sero-survey, of which 80.9% (321/397) had a HCV-RNA test result. Of adults defined as ever treatment eligible (n = 232), 40.9% (95/232) reported a previous HCV test and 91.2% (87/95) reported testing positive. Of these, HCV treatment was reported by 69.0% (60/87) and 46.7% (28/60) of treated individuals tested HCV-RNA-negative. Overall, 25.9% (60/232) of treatment-eligible adults reported being treated. The regression analysis suggested that males, older adults (>25 years), and adults with a secondary or higher education level were more likely to have ever been tested for HCV, as were individuals with a family history of hepatitis, received HBV vaccination or that had various risk factors linked to HCV transmission (e.g., blood transfusion, having tattoo/acupuncture, hospitalisation or therapeutic injection (s) history). The cascade-of-care for HCV needs improving to eliminate HCV in Pakistan, especially among younger adults, women and people with low education levels.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004706
spellingShingle Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh
Josephine G Walker
Aaron G Lim
Ejaz Alam
Saeed Hamid
Graham R Foster
Naheed Choudhry
M Azim Ansari
Huma Qureshi
Peter Vickerman
Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.
PLOS Global Public Health
title Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.
title_full Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.
title_fullStr Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.
title_full_unstemmed Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.
title_short Hepatitis C virus cascade of care among adults in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from 2019-2020 household sero-survey.
title_sort hepatitis c virus cascade of care among adults in sindh province pakistan findings from 2019 2020 household sero survey
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004706
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