Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study
Background Previous research has linked solitary living to various adverse health outcomes, but its association with diabetic complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains underexplored. We examined the risk of endstage kidney disease (ESKD) in individuals with diabete...
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Korean Diabetes Association
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Diabetes & Metabolism Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://e-dmj.org/upload/pdf/dmj-2024-0578.pdf |
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| author | Kyunghun Sung Jae-Seung Yun Bongseong Kim Hun-Sung Kim Jae-Hyoung Cho Yong-Moon Mark Park Kyungdo Han Seung-Hwan Lee |
| author_facet | Kyunghun Sung Jae-Seung Yun Bongseong Kim Hun-Sung Kim Jae-Hyoung Cho Yong-Moon Mark Park Kyungdo Han Seung-Hwan Lee |
| author_sort | Kyunghun Sung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Previous research has linked solitary living to various adverse health outcomes, but its association with diabetic complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains underexplored. We examined the risk of endstage kidney disease (ESKD) in individuals with diabetes living alone (IDLA). Methods This population-based cohort study used the National Health Information Database of Korea, which included 2,432,613 adults with T2DM. Household status was determined based on the number of registered family members. IDLA was defined as continuously living alone for 5 years or more. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between living alone and the risk of developing ESKD. Results During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, 26,691 participants developed ESKD, with a higher incidence observed in the IDLA group than in the non-IDLA group. After adjusting for confounding variables, the hazard ratio for ESKD in the IDLA group was 1.10 (95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.14). The risk of ESKD was particularly elevated in younger individuals, those without underlying chronic kidney disease, with longer durations of living alone, and with low household income. Adherence to favorable lifestyle behaviors (no smoking, no alcohol consumption, and engaging in regular exercise) was associated with a significantly lower risk of ESKD, with a more pronounced effect in the IDLA group. Conclusion Living alone was associated with a higher risk of ESKD in individuals with T2DM. Tailored medical interventions and social support for IDLA are crucial for the prevention of diabetic complications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a033b40a23b249feabb69e6eb4bbcbf4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2233-6079 2233-6087 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Korean Diabetes Association |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes & Metabolism Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-a033b40a23b249feabb69e6eb4bbcbf42025-08-20T03:17:55ZengKorean Diabetes AssociationDiabetes & Metabolism Journal2233-60792233-60872025-07-0149486287210.4093/dmj.2024.05782943Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based StudyKyunghun Sung0Jae-Seung Yun1Bongseong Kim2Hun-Sung Kim3Jae-Hyoung Cho4Yong-Moon Mark Park5Kyungdo Han6Seung-Hwan Lee7 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, KoreaBackground Previous research has linked solitary living to various adverse health outcomes, but its association with diabetic complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains underexplored. We examined the risk of endstage kidney disease (ESKD) in individuals with diabetes living alone (IDLA). Methods This population-based cohort study used the National Health Information Database of Korea, which included 2,432,613 adults with T2DM. Household status was determined based on the number of registered family members. IDLA was defined as continuously living alone for 5 years or more. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between living alone and the risk of developing ESKD. Results During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, 26,691 participants developed ESKD, with a higher incidence observed in the IDLA group than in the non-IDLA group. After adjusting for confounding variables, the hazard ratio for ESKD in the IDLA group was 1.10 (95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.14). The risk of ESKD was particularly elevated in younger individuals, those without underlying chronic kidney disease, with longer durations of living alone, and with low household income. Adherence to favorable lifestyle behaviors (no smoking, no alcohol consumption, and engaging in regular exercise) was associated with a significantly lower risk of ESKD, with a more pronounced effect in the IDLA group. Conclusion Living alone was associated with a higher risk of ESKD in individuals with T2DM. Tailored medical interventions and social support for IDLA are crucial for the prevention of diabetic complications.http://e-dmj.org/upload/pdf/dmj-2024-0578.pdfdiabetes mellituskidney failure, chronicsocial isolation |
| spellingShingle | Kyunghun Sung Jae-Seung Yun Bongseong Kim Hun-Sung Kim Jae-Hyoung Cho Yong-Moon Mark Park Kyungdo Han Seung-Hwan Lee Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study Diabetes & Metabolism Journal diabetes mellitus kidney failure, chronic social isolation |
| title | Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study |
| title_full | Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study |
| title_fullStr | Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study |
| title_short | Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Living Alone: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study |
| title_sort | risk of end stage kidney disease in individuals with diabetes living alone a large scale population based study |
| topic | diabetes mellitus kidney failure, chronic social isolation |
| url | http://e-dmj.org/upload/pdf/dmj-2024-0578.pdf |
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