The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil
To discriminate the transport characteristics of residue-derived carbon (C<sub>res</sub>) from soil native carbon (C<sub>soil</sub>) in black soil with split nitrogen application, a 540-day incubation study was conducted with four treatments: Control (unamended soil), R (soil...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/4/825 |
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| author | Xianni Chen Shanglong Zhang Shaofei Jin Jiakai Gao Siyu Dong Minggang Xu Xugang Wang Dayong Guo Xiaofeng Xu |
| author_facet | Xianni Chen Shanglong Zhang Shaofei Jin Jiakai Gao Siyu Dong Minggang Xu Xugang Wang Dayong Guo Xiaofeng Xu |
| author_sort | Xianni Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To discriminate the transport characteristics of residue-derived carbon (C<sub>res</sub>) from soil native carbon (C<sub>soil</sub>) in black soil with split nitrogen application, a 540-day incubation study was conducted with four treatments: Control (unamended soil), R (soil + residue), RN1 (soil + residue + one-time application of nitrogen fertilizer), and RN3 (soil + residue + three-time application of nitrogen fertilizer). The total soil organic carbon (TOC) of the incubated soil was separated into three fractions: light fraction (LF), occluded-particulate organic matter fraction (OPOM), and heavy fraction (HF). The results showed that the TOC content was significantly higher in the RN1 and RN3 (averaging 20.77 g/kg) than in the R (18.43 g/kg) and Control (19.03 g/kg) after 540 days. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the residual rate of HF−C<sub>res</sub> by 11.75% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the RN3 treatment significantly increased the residual rate of OPOM−C<sub>res</sub> by 18.84% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and reduced the loss rate of LF−C<sub>soil</sub> by 77.01% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared with the R treatment. The soil catalase activity declined continuously along with incubation and was higher in the RN3 treatment than in the RN1 treatment after 180 days. The correlation analysis showed that the LF−C<sub>soil</sub> and −C<sub>res</sub>, as well as the HF−C<sub>soil</sub> and catalase activity, were the main contributors to the TOC. Conclusively, nitrogen application, especially split nitrogen application, could stimulate the ability of soil to retain exogenous carbon and preserve native carbon. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0163e87f8a84ac28ffd3ad6b147b550 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-a0163e87f8a84ac28ffd3ad6b147b5502025-08-20T02:17:13ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-03-0115482510.3390/agronomy15040825The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black SoilXianni Chen0Shanglong Zhang1Shaofei Jin2Jiakai Gao3Siyu Dong4Minggang Xu5Xugang Wang6Dayong Guo7Xiaofeng Xu8College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaDepartment of Geography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaTo discriminate the transport characteristics of residue-derived carbon (C<sub>res</sub>) from soil native carbon (C<sub>soil</sub>) in black soil with split nitrogen application, a 540-day incubation study was conducted with four treatments: Control (unamended soil), R (soil + residue), RN1 (soil + residue + one-time application of nitrogen fertilizer), and RN3 (soil + residue + three-time application of nitrogen fertilizer). The total soil organic carbon (TOC) of the incubated soil was separated into three fractions: light fraction (LF), occluded-particulate organic matter fraction (OPOM), and heavy fraction (HF). The results showed that the TOC content was significantly higher in the RN1 and RN3 (averaging 20.77 g/kg) than in the R (18.43 g/kg) and Control (19.03 g/kg) after 540 days. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the residual rate of HF−C<sub>res</sub> by 11.75% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the RN3 treatment significantly increased the residual rate of OPOM−C<sub>res</sub> by 18.84% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and reduced the loss rate of LF−C<sub>soil</sub> by 77.01% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared with the R treatment. The soil catalase activity declined continuously along with incubation and was higher in the RN3 treatment than in the RN1 treatment after 180 days. The correlation analysis showed that the LF−C<sub>soil</sub> and −C<sub>res</sub>, as well as the HF−C<sub>soil</sub> and catalase activity, were the main contributors to the TOC. Conclusively, nitrogen application, especially split nitrogen application, could stimulate the ability of soil to retain exogenous carbon and preserve native carbon.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/4/825split nitrogen applicationresidue-derived carbonlight fractionheavy fractionenzyme activity |
| spellingShingle | Xianni Chen Shanglong Zhang Shaofei Jin Jiakai Gao Siyu Dong Minggang Xu Xugang Wang Dayong Guo Xiaofeng Xu The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil Agronomy split nitrogen application residue-derived carbon light fraction heavy fraction enzyme activity |
| title | The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil |
| title_full | The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil |
| title_short | The Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on the Transport of Residue-Derived Carbon in Different Carbon Pools in Black Soil |
| title_sort | effect of split nitrogen application on the transport of residue derived carbon in different carbon pools in black soil |
| topic | split nitrogen application residue-derived carbon light fraction heavy fraction enzyme activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/4/825 |
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