Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations
Climate-change-induced temperature fluctuations pose significant threats to global rice production, particularly through their impact on photosynthetic efficiency. The differential mechanisms by which low and high temperatures affect leaf photosynthetic processes in rice remain poorly understood. He...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Zhuang Xiong Fangzhou Zheng Chao Wu Hui Tang Dongliang Xiong Kehui Cui Shaobing Peng Jianliang Huang |
| author_facet | Zhuang Xiong Fangzhou Zheng Chao Wu Hui Tang Dongliang Xiong Kehui Cui Shaobing Peng Jianliang Huang |
| author_sort | Zhuang Xiong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate-change-induced temperature fluctuations pose significant threats to global rice production, particularly through their impact on photosynthetic efficiency. The differential mechanisms by which low and high temperatures affect leaf photosynthetic processes in rice remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of temperature stress (15 °C, 30 °C, 45 °C) on rice photosynthetic performance across a gradient of nitrogen supply levels: low nitrogen (LN), medium nitrogen (MN), and high nitrogen (HN). The low temperature exhibited stronger negative impacts on photosynthesis than the high temperature, primarily through increased mesophyll limitation and disrupted cellular CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion, while the high temperature showed less pronounced effects, particularly under HN and MN conditions. While photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) decreased with increasing nitrogen under the optimal temperature, moderate nitrogen supply maintained optimal PNUE under temperature stress, suggesting that a balanced nitrogen level is crucial for maximizing both photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen use efficiency. Plants with adequate nitrogen maintained higher intrinsic water use efficiency (<sub>i</sub><i>WUE</i>) under both temperature extremes through improved coordination between CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and water loss. Our findings reveal distinct mechanisms underlying low- and high-temperature stress effects on photosynthesis and highlight the importance of optimizing nitrogen management for enhancing crop resilience to temperature extremes under climate change. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-9ff5024ece7d49ea8c9a45cc519e0d762025-08-20T03:43:29ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-03-0114696110.3390/plants14060961Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water RelationsZhuang Xiong0Fangzhou Zheng1Chao Wu2Hui Tang3Dongliang Xiong4Kehui Cui5Shaobing Peng6Jianliang Huang7Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaClimate-change-induced temperature fluctuations pose significant threats to global rice production, particularly through their impact on photosynthetic efficiency. The differential mechanisms by which low and high temperatures affect leaf photosynthetic processes in rice remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of temperature stress (15 °C, 30 °C, 45 °C) on rice photosynthetic performance across a gradient of nitrogen supply levels: low nitrogen (LN), medium nitrogen (MN), and high nitrogen (HN). The low temperature exhibited stronger negative impacts on photosynthesis than the high temperature, primarily through increased mesophyll limitation and disrupted cellular CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion, while the high temperature showed less pronounced effects, particularly under HN and MN conditions. While photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) decreased with increasing nitrogen under the optimal temperature, moderate nitrogen supply maintained optimal PNUE under temperature stress, suggesting that a balanced nitrogen level is crucial for maximizing both photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen use efficiency. Plants with adequate nitrogen maintained higher intrinsic water use efficiency (<sub>i</sub><i>WUE</i>) under both temperature extremes through improved coordination between CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and water loss. Our findings reveal distinct mechanisms underlying low- and high-temperature stress effects on photosynthesis and highlight the importance of optimizing nitrogen management for enhancing crop resilience to temperature extremes under climate change.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/961nitrogentemperaturephotosynthesisphotosynthetic nitrogen use efficiencyintrinsic water use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Zhuang Xiong Fangzhou Zheng Chao Wu Hui Tang Dongliang Xiong Kehui Cui Shaobing Peng Jianliang Huang Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations Plants nitrogen temperature photosynthesis photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency intrinsic water use efficiency |
| title | Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations |
| title_full | Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations |
| title_fullStr | Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations |
| title_short | Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Temperature Stress Effects on Rice Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Water Relations |
| title_sort | nitrogen supply mitigates temperature stress effects on rice photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency and water relations |
| topic | nitrogen temperature photosynthesis photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency intrinsic water use efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/961 |
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