Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers
Abstract Background and Objective Hepcidin, an endogenous peptide hormone, binds to ferroportin and is the master regulator of iron trafficking. Rusfertide, a synthetic peptide, is a potent hepcidin mimetic. Clinical studies suggest rusfertide may be effective in the treatment of polycythemia vera....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Adis, Springer Healthcare
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Drugs in R&D |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40268-024-00497-z |
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| author | Nishit B. Modi Sarita Khanna Sneha Rudraraju Frank Valone |
| author_facet | Nishit B. Modi Sarita Khanna Sneha Rudraraju Frank Valone |
| author_sort | Nishit B. Modi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background and Objective Hepcidin, an endogenous peptide hormone, binds to ferroportin and is the master regulator of iron trafficking. Rusfertide, a synthetic peptide, is a potent hepcidin mimetic. Clinical studies suggest rusfertide may be effective in the treatment of polycythemia vera. This study investigated the dose-ranging pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of a lyophilized formulation of rusfertide. Methods A randomized open-label crossover study was conducted in two groups of healthy adult subjects to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous rusfertide doses that ranged from 10 to 60 mg of a lyophilized formulation and 20 mg of an aqueous prefilled syringe formulation that were used in clinical trials. Results Rusfertide showed a rapid initial absorption. Median time to peak plasma concentrations for the lyophilized formulation was 24 h for doses of 10–30 mg and 2–4 h for doses of 45 and 60 mg. Mean terminal half-life ranged from 19.6 to 57.1 h. Rusfertide peak concentration and area under the concentration–time curve increased with an increasing dose, but in a less than dose-proportional manner. Metabolites M4 and M9 were identified as major metabolites. At the rusfertide 20-mg dose, the lyophilized formulation had an area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity approximately 1.5-fold higher than the aqueous formulation. The elimination half-life was comparable for the two formulations. Dose-related decreases in serum iron and transferrin-iron saturation were seen following rusfertide treatment. The majority of treatment-emergent adverse events were mild; treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events seen in ≥10% of subjects were injection-site erythema and injection-site pruritus. Conclusions Rusfertide was well tolerated; the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results indicate that lyophilized rusfertide is suitable for once-weekly or twice-weekly administration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9fe984d68e7c4b589d6ab2d3f7689ceb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1174-5886 1179-6901 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Adis, Springer Healthcare |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Drugs in R&D |
| spelling | doaj-art-9fe984d68e7c4b589d6ab2d3f7689ceb2025-08-20T01:57:15ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareDrugs in R&D1174-58861179-69012024-11-0124453955210.1007/s40268-024-00497-zPharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy VolunteersNishit B. Modi0Sarita Khanna1Sneha Rudraraju2Frank Valone3Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc.Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc.Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc.Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc.Abstract Background and Objective Hepcidin, an endogenous peptide hormone, binds to ferroportin and is the master regulator of iron trafficking. Rusfertide, a synthetic peptide, is a potent hepcidin mimetic. Clinical studies suggest rusfertide may be effective in the treatment of polycythemia vera. This study investigated the dose-ranging pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of a lyophilized formulation of rusfertide. Methods A randomized open-label crossover study was conducted in two groups of healthy adult subjects to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous rusfertide doses that ranged from 10 to 60 mg of a lyophilized formulation and 20 mg of an aqueous prefilled syringe formulation that were used in clinical trials. Results Rusfertide showed a rapid initial absorption. Median time to peak plasma concentrations for the lyophilized formulation was 24 h for doses of 10–30 mg and 2–4 h for doses of 45 and 60 mg. Mean terminal half-life ranged from 19.6 to 57.1 h. Rusfertide peak concentration and area under the concentration–time curve increased with an increasing dose, but in a less than dose-proportional manner. Metabolites M4 and M9 were identified as major metabolites. At the rusfertide 20-mg dose, the lyophilized formulation had an area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity approximately 1.5-fold higher than the aqueous formulation. The elimination half-life was comparable for the two formulations. Dose-related decreases in serum iron and transferrin-iron saturation were seen following rusfertide treatment. The majority of treatment-emergent adverse events were mild; treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events seen in ≥10% of subjects were injection-site erythema and injection-site pruritus. Conclusions Rusfertide was well tolerated; the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results indicate that lyophilized rusfertide is suitable for once-weekly or twice-weekly administration.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40268-024-00497-z |
| spellingShingle | Nishit B. Modi Sarita Khanna Sneha Rudraraju Frank Valone Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers Drugs in R&D |
| title | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, Following Subcutaneous Administration of a Lyophilized Powder Formulation in Healthy Volunteers |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rusfertide a hepcidin mimetic following subcutaneous administration of a lyophilized powder formulation in healthy volunteers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40268-024-00497-z |
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