Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review
Background: Credentialing of advanced and specialist pharmacist practice (ASPP) provides essential quality assurance for ASPP, which is significantly different to entry-level practice and is developing worldwide. Several credentialing models are in place or under development internationally. Synthes...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624001197 |
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| author | Evelyn Deasy Anna Seoighe Cristín Ryan Stephen Byrne Kieran Dalton |
| author_facet | Evelyn Deasy Anna Seoighe Cristín Ryan Stephen Byrne Kieran Dalton |
| author_sort | Evelyn Deasy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Credentialing of advanced and specialist pharmacist practice (ASPP) provides essential quality assurance for ASPP, which is significantly different to entry-level practice and is developing worldwide. Several credentialing models are in place or under development internationally. Synthesis of the views and experiences of pharmacists and other relevant stakeholders on credentialing is an important research gap. Objective(s): To determine pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of ASPP credentialing and to explore facilitators and barriers to credentialing implementation and uptake. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute convergent integrated approach for mixed methods systematic reviews was followed. The review protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO. Five electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched from inception to August 2022 for qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods studies that reported the views and experiences of pharmacy stakeholders on ASPP credentialing. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to quality appraise included studies. Thematic synthesis was undertaken to analyse and integrate data from included studies. All screening and data analysis steps were performed by two reviewers independently, with additional author input where required. Results: Sixty studies were included, after screening titles and abstracts (n = 9055) and full texts (n = 228). Studies represented the views of pharmacists, pharmacy managers/employers and professional/representative bodies in hospital, community pharmacy, general practice/primary care, and academic sectors, from 40 countries. Four analytical themes were generated describing the factors, including facilitators and barriers, to be considered when developing or optimising ASPP credentialing: I. Drivers of credentialing, II. Developing ASPP competence, III. Optimising credentialing implementation, and IV. Enhancing credentialing uptake. Conclusions: This systematic review is the first to synthesise pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of ASPP credentialing. A conceptual framework highlights contextual factors, facilitators, barriers, and inter-relationships which should be considered by pharmacists, policymakers, and other key stakeholders when implementing ASPP credentialing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9fdcd3897ea44b3bbb0e850edf95906e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2667-2766 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy |
| spelling | doaj-art-9fdcd3897ea44b3bbb0e850edf95906e2025-08-20T02:20:57ZengElsevierExploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy2667-27662024-12-011610052210.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100522Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic reviewEvelyn Deasy0Anna Seoighe1Cristín Ryan2Stephen Byrne3Kieran Dalton4Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Pharmacy Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Corresponding author at: Pharmacy Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.Pharmacy Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, IrelandSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, IrelandPharmaceutical Care Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandPharmaceutical Care Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandBackground: Credentialing of advanced and specialist pharmacist practice (ASPP) provides essential quality assurance for ASPP, which is significantly different to entry-level practice and is developing worldwide. Several credentialing models are in place or under development internationally. Synthesis of the views and experiences of pharmacists and other relevant stakeholders on credentialing is an important research gap. Objective(s): To determine pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of ASPP credentialing and to explore facilitators and barriers to credentialing implementation and uptake. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute convergent integrated approach for mixed methods systematic reviews was followed. The review protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO. Five electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched from inception to August 2022 for qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods studies that reported the views and experiences of pharmacy stakeholders on ASPP credentialing. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to quality appraise included studies. Thematic synthesis was undertaken to analyse and integrate data from included studies. All screening and data analysis steps were performed by two reviewers independently, with additional author input where required. Results: Sixty studies were included, after screening titles and abstracts (n = 9055) and full texts (n = 228). Studies represented the views of pharmacists, pharmacy managers/employers and professional/representative bodies in hospital, community pharmacy, general practice/primary care, and academic sectors, from 40 countries. Four analytical themes were generated describing the factors, including facilitators and barriers, to be considered when developing or optimising ASPP credentialing: I. Drivers of credentialing, II. Developing ASPP competence, III. Optimising credentialing implementation, and IV. Enhancing credentialing uptake. Conclusions: This systematic review is the first to synthesise pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of ASPP credentialing. A conceptual framework highlights contextual factors, facilitators, barriers, and inter-relationships which should be considered by pharmacists, policymakers, and other key stakeholders when implementing ASPP credentialing.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624001197PharmacistCredentialingAdvanced practiceSpecialistSystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Evelyn Deasy Anna Seoighe Cristín Ryan Stephen Byrne Kieran Dalton Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy Pharmacist Credentialing Advanced practice Specialist Systematic review |
| title | Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review |
| title_full | Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review |
| title_short | Pharmacy stakeholders' views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice: A mixed methods systematic review |
| title_sort | pharmacy stakeholders views and experiences of the credentialing of advanced or specialist pharmacist practice a mixed methods systematic review |
| topic | Pharmacist Credentialing Advanced practice Specialist Systematic review |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624001197 |
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