Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China
Oat (<i>Avena sativa</i>) is a significant cereal crop that is extensively cultivated in temperate regions and is suitable for growth at higher elevations. The damage degree and epidemic area of oat spikelet rot caused by <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> are generally increas...
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2024-10-01
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| author | Ruifang Jia Na Wang Zhengqiang Chen Shengze Wang Kejian Lin Yuanyuan Zhang |
| author_facet | Ruifang Jia Na Wang Zhengqiang Chen Shengze Wang Kejian Lin Yuanyuan Zhang |
| author_sort | Ruifang Jia |
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| description | Oat (<i>Avena sativa</i>) is a significant cereal crop that is extensively cultivated in temperate regions and is suitable for growth at higher elevations. The damage degree and epidemic area of oat spikelet rot caused by <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> are generally increasing and spreading. Mycelium growth rate method was used to identify biological characteristics and in vitro fungicide screenings of <i>D. graminicola</i>. The results show that sorbitol and casein tryptone were the best carbon and nitrogen source for the <i>D. graminicola</i>, respectively. The optimal temperature for mycelium growth and conidia production of the <i>D. graminicola</i> was 20 °C; meanwhile, an acidic environment was shown to be conducive to mycelia growth, and alkaline facilitated conidia production. Among the ten tested fungicides, 20% Pydiflumetofen showed the best inhibition rate, with an EC<sub>50</sub> (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) value of 0.005 mg/L; 30% Difenoconazole Propiconazole and 35% Metalaxyl-M Fludioxonil also showed sufficient inhibitory effects against <i>D. graminicola</i>, with EC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.05 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L. Furthermore, we used artificial inoculation to determine the effectiveness of fungicide control in field, Trifloxystrobin 10%-Tebuconazole 20% with more than 90% control effectiveness, followed by 20% Pydiflumetofen. The results of this study not only revealed the biological characteristics of <i>D. graminicola</i>, but also provided effective candidate fungicides for the prevention and control of oat spikelet rot disease. |
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| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9fb421e11410467480eaaa55feb148c32025-08-20T02:10:57ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-10-011410231410.3390/agronomy14102314Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in ChinaRuifang Jia0Na Wang1Zhengqiang Chen2Shengze Wang3Kejian Lin4Yuanyuan Zhang5Key Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, ChinaOat (<i>Avena sativa</i>) is a significant cereal crop that is extensively cultivated in temperate regions and is suitable for growth at higher elevations. The damage degree and epidemic area of oat spikelet rot caused by <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> are generally increasing and spreading. Mycelium growth rate method was used to identify biological characteristics and in vitro fungicide screenings of <i>D. graminicola</i>. The results show that sorbitol and casein tryptone were the best carbon and nitrogen source for the <i>D. graminicola</i>, respectively. The optimal temperature for mycelium growth and conidia production of the <i>D. graminicola</i> was 20 °C; meanwhile, an acidic environment was shown to be conducive to mycelia growth, and alkaline facilitated conidia production. Among the ten tested fungicides, 20% Pydiflumetofen showed the best inhibition rate, with an EC<sub>50</sub> (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) value of 0.005 mg/L; 30% Difenoconazole Propiconazole and 35% Metalaxyl-M Fludioxonil also showed sufficient inhibitory effects against <i>D. graminicola</i>, with EC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.05 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L. Furthermore, we used artificial inoculation to determine the effectiveness of fungicide control in field, Trifloxystrobin 10%-Tebuconazole 20% with more than 90% control effectiveness, followed by 20% Pydiflumetofen. The results of this study not only revealed the biological characteristics of <i>D. graminicola</i>, but also provided effective candidate fungicides for the prevention and control of oat spikelet rot disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/10/2314oatoat spikelet rot<i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i>biological characterizationfungicide sensitivity |
| spellingShingle | Ruifang Jia Na Wang Zhengqiang Chen Shengze Wang Kejian Lin Yuanyuan Zhang Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China Agronomy oat oat spikelet rot <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> biological characterization fungicide sensitivity |
| title | Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China |
| title_full | Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China |
| title_fullStr | Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China |
| title_short | Biological Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> Causing Oat Spikelet Rot in China |
| title_sort | biological characterization and fungicide sensitivity of i dactylobotrys graminicola i causing oat spikelet rot in china |
| topic | oat oat spikelet rot <i>Dactylobotrys graminicola</i> biological characterization fungicide sensitivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/10/2314 |
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