Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent type of mental health disorders and are characterised by excessive fear and worry. Despite affecting one in four individuals within their lifetime, there remains a gap in our understanding regarding the underlying pathophysiology of anxiety disorders, which l...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354625000687 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850222803879460864 |
|---|---|
| author | Annabel Smith Jack J. Miller Daniel C. Anthony Daniel E. Radford-Smith |
| author_facet | Annabel Smith Jack J. Miller Daniel C. Anthony Daniel E. Radford-Smith |
| author_sort | Annabel Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent type of mental health disorders and are characterised by excessive fear and worry. Despite affecting one in four individuals within their lifetime, there remains a gap in our understanding regarding the underlying pathophysiology of anxiety disorders, which limits the development of novel treatment options. Exploring blood-based biomarkers of anxiety disorder offers the potential to predict the risk of clinically significant anxiety in the general population, increase our understanding of anxiety pathophysiology, and to reveal options for preventative treatment. Here, using psychosocial variables in combination with blood and urine biomarkers, reported in the UK Biobank, we sought to predict future anxiety onset. Machine learning accurately predicted (ROC AUC: ∼0.83) ICD-10-coded anxiety diagnoses up to 5 years (mean 3.5 years) after blood sampling, against lifetime anxiety-free controls. Analysis of the blood biochemistry measures indicated that anxious individuals were more anaemic and exhibited higher levels of markers of systemic inflammation than controls. However, blood biomarkers alone were not predictive of resilience or susceptibility to anxiety disorders in a subset of individuals rigorously matched for a wide range of psychosocial covariates (ROC AUC: ∼0.50). Overall, we demonstrate that the integration of biological and psychosocial risk factors is an effective tool to screen for and predict anxiety disorder onset in the general population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f91c86591d64d5a84c644db76cc3756 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2666-3546 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-9f91c86591d64d5a84c644db76cc37562025-08-20T02:06:12ZengElsevierBrain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health2666-35462025-07-014610101010.1016/j.bbih.2025.101010Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK BiobankAnnabel Smith0Jack J. Miller1Daniel C. Anthony2Daniel E. Radford-Smith3Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UKOxford Centre for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UKDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK; Corresponding author.Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent type of mental health disorders and are characterised by excessive fear and worry. Despite affecting one in four individuals within their lifetime, there remains a gap in our understanding regarding the underlying pathophysiology of anxiety disorders, which limits the development of novel treatment options. Exploring blood-based biomarkers of anxiety disorder offers the potential to predict the risk of clinically significant anxiety in the general population, increase our understanding of anxiety pathophysiology, and to reveal options for preventative treatment. Here, using psychosocial variables in combination with blood and urine biomarkers, reported in the UK Biobank, we sought to predict future anxiety onset. Machine learning accurately predicted (ROC AUC: ∼0.83) ICD-10-coded anxiety diagnoses up to 5 years (mean 3.5 years) after blood sampling, against lifetime anxiety-free controls. Analysis of the blood biochemistry measures indicated that anxious individuals were more anaemic and exhibited higher levels of markers of systemic inflammation than controls. However, blood biomarkers alone were not predictive of resilience or susceptibility to anxiety disorders in a subset of individuals rigorously matched for a wide range of psychosocial covariates (ROC AUC: ∼0.50). Overall, we demonstrate that the integration of biological and psychosocial risk factors is an effective tool to screen for and predict anxiety disorder onset in the general population.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354625000687AnxietyNeuroticismMetabolomicsRandom forest |
| spellingShingle | Annabel Smith Jack J. Miller Daniel C. Anthony Daniel E. Radford-Smith Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health Anxiety Neuroticism Metabolomics Random forest |
| title | Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank |
| title_full | Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank |
| title_fullStr | Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank |
| title_full_unstemmed | Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank |
| title_short | Machine learning-based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the UK Biobank |
| title_sort | machine learning based prediction of anxiety disorders using blood metabolite and social trait data from the uk biobank |
| topic | Anxiety Neuroticism Metabolomics Random forest |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354625000687 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annabelsmith machinelearningbasedpredictionofanxietydisordersusingbloodmetaboliteandsocialtraitdatafromtheukbiobank AT jackjmiller machinelearningbasedpredictionofanxietydisordersusingbloodmetaboliteandsocialtraitdatafromtheukbiobank AT danielcanthony machinelearningbasedpredictionofanxietydisordersusingbloodmetaboliteandsocialtraitdatafromtheukbiobank AT danieleradfordsmith machinelearningbasedpredictionofanxietydisordersusingbloodmetaboliteandsocialtraitdatafromtheukbiobank |