Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale

Background: Excess submental fat (SMF) is a common facial aesthetic concern, and assessment scales play a crucial role in its evaluation. Existing SMF scales are based on Caucasian populations, although genetic background significantly influences SMF distribution. Therefore, this study aimed to deve...

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Main Authors: Yuming Chong, Yilin Li, Xiaojun Wang, Nanze Yu, Jiuzuo Huang, Hairu Cao, Wenyun Ting, Xiao Long
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. 2025-03-01
Series:Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096691124001092
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author Yuming Chong
Yilin Li
Xiaojun Wang
Nanze Yu
Jiuzuo Huang
Hairu Cao
Wenyun Ting
Xiao Long
author_facet Yuming Chong
Yilin Li
Xiaojun Wang
Nanze Yu
Jiuzuo Huang
Hairu Cao
Wenyun Ting
Xiao Long
author_sort Yuming Chong
collection DOAJ
description Background: Excess submental fat (SMF) is a common facial aesthetic concern, and assessment scales play a crucial role in its evaluation. Existing SMF scales are based on Caucasian populations, although genetic background significantly influences SMF distribution. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a 5-point Chinese version of the Clinician-Reported Submental Fat Rating Scale (CR-SMFRS). Methods: The study included 150 volunteers, and captured photographs from the frontal, oblique, and lateral views were combined for each participant. A 5-point scale with descriptive criteria was primarily designed. Internal validation involved three experienced plastic surgeons, while external validation was conducted on 50 live volunteers by six additional raters. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were assessed. Results: A 5-point grading system with descriptive criteria was developed and validated as the Chinese CR-SMFRS. Internal validation demonstrated a good intra- and inter-rater consistency. During external validation, intraclass correlation coefficient values for each rater exceeded 0.850, indicating high intra-rater consistency. Moreover, the inter-rater reliability showed good consistency. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the SMF rating scale is a reliable tool for clinical use.
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issn 2096-6911
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publishDate 2025-03-01
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series Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
spelling doaj-art-9f74b8082298463db98eefec38de49412025-08-20T03:02:01ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2096-69112025-03-01711410.1016/j.cjprs.2024.12.003Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scaleYuming Chong0Yilin Li1Xiaojun Wang2Nanze Yu3Jiuzuo Huang4Hairu Cao5Wenyun Ting6Xiao Long7Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, ChinaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; Corresponding author. Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; Corresponding author. Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.Background: Excess submental fat (SMF) is a common facial aesthetic concern, and assessment scales play a crucial role in its evaluation. Existing SMF scales are based on Caucasian populations, although genetic background significantly influences SMF distribution. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a 5-point Chinese version of the Clinician-Reported Submental Fat Rating Scale (CR-SMFRS). Methods: The study included 150 volunteers, and captured photographs from the frontal, oblique, and lateral views were combined for each participant. A 5-point scale with descriptive criteria was primarily designed. Internal validation involved three experienced plastic surgeons, while external validation was conducted on 50 live volunteers by six additional raters. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were assessed. Results: A 5-point grading system with descriptive criteria was developed and validated as the Chinese CR-SMFRS. Internal validation demonstrated a good intra- and inter-rater consistency. During external validation, intraclass correlation coefficient values for each rater exceeded 0.850, indicating high intra-rater consistency. Moreover, the inter-rater reliability showed good consistency. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the SMF rating scale is a reliable tool for clinical use.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096691124001092Submental fatPhotonumeric scaleAesthetic medicine
spellingShingle Yuming Chong
Yilin Li
Xiaojun Wang
Nanze Yu
Jiuzuo Huang
Hairu Cao
Wenyun Ting
Xiao Long
Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale
Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Submental fat
Photonumeric scale
Aesthetic medicine
title Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale
title_full Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale
title_fullStr Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale
title_full_unstemmed Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale
title_short Development and validation of the Chinese version of the Clinician-reported submental fat rating scale
title_sort development and validation of the chinese version of the clinician reported submental fat rating scale
topic Submental fat
Photonumeric scale
Aesthetic medicine
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096691124001092
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