The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate
Biofilm obtained from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> subsp. <i>spizizenii</i> inoculated on vegetable seeds has been shown to have plant growth-promoting capacity. Seed inoculation with biofilm produced by this strain could also reduce the adverse effects on plant growth caused by...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Mirta Esther Galelli Josefina Ana Eva Cristóbal-Miguez Eliana Cárdenas-Aguiar Ana Rosa García Antonio Paz-González Gabriela Cristina Sarti |
| author_facet | Mirta Esther Galelli Josefina Ana Eva Cristóbal-Miguez Eliana Cárdenas-Aguiar Ana Rosa García Antonio Paz-González Gabriela Cristina Sarti |
| author_sort | Mirta Esther Galelli |
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| description | Biofilm obtained from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> subsp. <i>spizizenii</i> inoculated on vegetable seeds has been shown to have plant growth-promoting capacity. Seed inoculation with biofilm produced by this strain could also reduce the adverse effects on plant growth caused by soil or substrate heavy metal overabundance. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of biofilm inoculated on tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) seeds, which were planted on a substrate with artificially added zinc. First, seeds of the Río Grande tomato variety were exposed to increasing zinc concentrations, namely: 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm, with and without bacterial biofilm inoculation. Zinc addition and seed inoculation affected germination parameters. For example, an extra 200 and 400 ppm of zinc led to high toxicity. Biofilm inoculation, however, reduced the noxious effects of excess zinc, bringing acute toxicity down to moderate. Then, tomato plants growing from inoculated and non-inoculated seeds were cropped for 4 months in both substrates with 400 ppm zinc and without added zinc. Extra zinc addition significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced tomato root and shoot biomass, plant height, and fruit number at harvest time. However, seed biofilm inoculation avoided the harmful effect of zinc on plant growth parameters, fruit yield, and fruit quality. The roots and shoots of plants growing on contaminated substrates showed very noticeable increases in zinc levels compared to the control, while fruits only showed a much weaker zinc gain, even if this was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, root shoot and fruit concentrations of elements other than zinc, (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, lead, and cadmium) were not or only weakly affected by the addition of this metal to the substrate. In summary, the biofilm of <i>B. subtilis</i> proved to be effective as a bioinoculant to alleviate negative effects on tomatoes cropped in a substrate with excess zinc. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f4ebddb010c40ed92ffa2df0184c32c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9f4ebddb010c40ed92ffa2df0184c32c2025-08-20T02:48:01ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011211223710.3390/microorganisms12112237The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated SubstrateMirta Esther Galelli0Josefina Ana Eva Cristóbal-Miguez1Eliana Cárdenas-Aguiar2Ana Rosa García3Antonio Paz-González4Gabriela Cristina Sarti5Agrofood Area, Department of Applied Biology and Food, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaInorganic and Analytic Chemistry Cathedra, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaAQUATERRA Reseach Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology, CICA, University of A Coruna, As Carballeiras, s/n Campus de Elviña, 15008 Coruna, SpainInorganic and Analytic Chemistry Cathedra, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaAQUATERRA Reseach Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology, CICA, University of A Coruna, As Carballeiras, s/n Campus de Elviña, 15008 Coruna, SpainInorganic and Analytic Chemistry Cathedra, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaBiofilm obtained from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> subsp. <i>spizizenii</i> inoculated on vegetable seeds has been shown to have plant growth-promoting capacity. Seed inoculation with biofilm produced by this strain could also reduce the adverse effects on plant growth caused by soil or substrate heavy metal overabundance. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of biofilm inoculated on tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) seeds, which were planted on a substrate with artificially added zinc. First, seeds of the Río Grande tomato variety were exposed to increasing zinc concentrations, namely: 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm, with and without bacterial biofilm inoculation. Zinc addition and seed inoculation affected germination parameters. For example, an extra 200 and 400 ppm of zinc led to high toxicity. Biofilm inoculation, however, reduced the noxious effects of excess zinc, bringing acute toxicity down to moderate. Then, tomato plants growing from inoculated and non-inoculated seeds were cropped for 4 months in both substrates with 400 ppm zinc and without added zinc. Extra zinc addition significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced tomato root and shoot biomass, plant height, and fruit number at harvest time. However, seed biofilm inoculation avoided the harmful effect of zinc on plant growth parameters, fruit yield, and fruit quality. The roots and shoots of plants growing on contaminated substrates showed very noticeable increases in zinc levels compared to the control, while fruits only showed a much weaker zinc gain, even if this was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, root shoot and fruit concentrations of elements other than zinc, (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, lead, and cadmium) were not or only weakly affected by the addition of this metal to the substrate. In summary, the biofilm of <i>B. subtilis</i> proved to be effective as a bioinoculant to alleviate negative effects on tomatoes cropped in a substrate with excess zinc.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2237<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>biofilm inoculationzinc excesstoxicity alleviationurban agriculture |
| spellingShingle | Mirta Esther Galelli Josefina Ana Eva Cristóbal-Miguez Eliana Cárdenas-Aguiar Ana Rosa García Antonio Paz-González Gabriela Cristina Sarti The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate Microorganisms <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> biofilm inoculation zinc excess toxicity alleviation urban agriculture |
| title | The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate |
| title_full | The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate |
| title_short | The Effects of Seed Inoculation with Bacterial Biofilm on the Growth and Elemental Composition of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) Cultivated on a Zinc-Contaminated Substrate |
| title_sort | effects of seed inoculation with bacterial biofilm on the growth and elemental composition of tomato i solanum lycopersicum i l cultivated on a zinc contaminated substrate |
| topic | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> biofilm inoculation zinc excess toxicity alleviation urban agriculture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2237 |
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