The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Flaviviruses are a well-known mosquito borne viruses and their nucleic acid is single-stranded RNA which is enclosed with the capsid and envelop. Flavivirus infections can cause a wide variety of clinical manifestations and complications in humans. Outbreaks have been recorded du...
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BMC
2025-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11443-y |
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| author | Daniel Gebretsadik Weldehanna Hussen Ebrahim Bruktawit Eshetu Mihret Tilahun Habtu Debash Melaku Ashagrie Belete Agumas Shibabew Ousman Mohammed Alemu Gedefie Saba Gebremichael Tekele Ermiyas Alemayehu Zewudu Mulatie |
| author_facet | Daniel Gebretsadik Weldehanna Hussen Ebrahim Bruktawit Eshetu Mihret Tilahun Habtu Debash Melaku Ashagrie Belete Agumas Shibabew Ousman Mohammed Alemu Gedefie Saba Gebremichael Tekele Ermiyas Alemayehu Zewudu Mulatie |
| author_sort | Daniel Gebretsadik Weldehanna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Flaviviruses are a well-known mosquito borne viruses and their nucleic acid is single-stranded RNA which is enclosed with the capsid and envelop. Flavivirus infections can cause a wide variety of clinical manifestations and complications in humans. Outbreaks have been recorded due to DENV and YFV infections in Ethiopia in different time. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) is to determine the overall magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia. Methods Initially reported under the registration number CRD42023492735, this SRMA was subsequently carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) standards. The search for appropriate resources took place from December 10, 2023, to January 10, 2024, using a number of electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, African Journal Online, Science Direct, ResearchGate, and Web of Sciences. Additionally, the quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment tool. The statistical analysis was conducted using Stata version 14.0. In addition to funnel plot and Egger’s test, which were used to detect publication bias, Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistics were employed to measure heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence was estimated via a random effect model. Results The overall pooled prevalence of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia was found to be 12.67% (95% CI: 11.00–14.35). The highest pooled prevalence of 23.49% (17.53–29.45) was observed in DENV followed by ZIKV, 13.63% (12.73-40.00). The sero-prevalence markers of IgG and IgM for flaviviruses were detected among 12.18% and 7.41% patients, respectively. The highest pooled prevalence of flavivirus was demonstrated in studies conducted in health care facilities (17.32%). The sensitivity test exhibits that no single study had an impact on the overall pooled effect magnitude. The symmetry of the funnel plot and the Egger’s test statistics indicated publication bias. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia was high and DENV was the commonest flavivirus observed in the country. Nationwide surveillance of flaviviruses infection among human population should be conducted. Prompt prevention and control strategies should be implemented particularly in outbreak prone areas. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f446e8a612c4788823ddec934690e77 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
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| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-9f446e8a612c4788823ddec934690e772025-08-20T03:42:30ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-08-0125111310.1186/s12879-025-11443-yThe magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysisDaniel Gebretsadik Weldehanna0Hussen Ebrahim1Bruktawit Eshetu2Mihret Tilahun3Habtu Debash4Melaku Ashagrie Belete5Agumas Shibabew6Ousman Mohammed7Alemu Gedefie8Saba Gebremichael Tekele9Ermiyas Alemayehu10Zewudu Mulatie11Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityAbstract Background Flaviviruses are a well-known mosquito borne viruses and their nucleic acid is single-stranded RNA which is enclosed with the capsid and envelop. Flavivirus infections can cause a wide variety of clinical manifestations and complications in humans. Outbreaks have been recorded due to DENV and YFV infections in Ethiopia in different time. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) is to determine the overall magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia. Methods Initially reported under the registration number CRD42023492735, this SRMA was subsequently carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) standards. The search for appropriate resources took place from December 10, 2023, to January 10, 2024, using a number of electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, African Journal Online, Science Direct, ResearchGate, and Web of Sciences. Additionally, the quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment tool. The statistical analysis was conducted using Stata version 14.0. In addition to funnel plot and Egger’s test, which were used to detect publication bias, Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistics were employed to measure heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence was estimated via a random effect model. Results The overall pooled prevalence of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia was found to be 12.67% (95% CI: 11.00–14.35). The highest pooled prevalence of 23.49% (17.53–29.45) was observed in DENV followed by ZIKV, 13.63% (12.73-40.00). The sero-prevalence markers of IgG and IgM for flaviviruses were detected among 12.18% and 7.41% patients, respectively. The highest pooled prevalence of flavivirus was demonstrated in studies conducted in health care facilities (17.32%). The sensitivity test exhibits that no single study had an impact on the overall pooled effect magnitude. The symmetry of the funnel plot and the Egger’s test statistics indicated publication bias. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia was high and DENV was the commonest flavivirus observed in the country. Nationwide surveillance of flaviviruses infection among human population should be conducted. Prompt prevention and control strategies should be implemented particularly in outbreak prone areas.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11443-yFlavivirusDENVZIKVWNVYFVPrevalence |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Gebretsadik Weldehanna Hussen Ebrahim Bruktawit Eshetu Mihret Tilahun Habtu Debash Melaku Ashagrie Belete Agumas Shibabew Ousman Mohammed Alemu Gedefie Saba Gebremichael Tekele Ermiyas Alemayehu Zewudu Mulatie The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Infectious Diseases Flavivirus DENV ZIKV WNV YFV Prevalence |
| title | The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | The magnitude of flaviviruses infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | magnitude of flaviviruses infection in ethiopia a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Flavivirus DENV ZIKV WNV YFV Prevalence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11443-y |
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