Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors
BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) imaging is a useful tool for assessing skeletal muscle mass and quality. The present study aimed to determine age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based skeletal muscle markers in a healthy population, and to correlate them with serum creatinine and 24-h u...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1566463/full |
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| author | David Martin Paola Dolce Martin Hübner Tobias Zingg David Fuks Jean-Pierre Venetz Damien Maier Maurice Matter Fabio Becce |
| author_facet | David Martin Paola Dolce Martin Hübner Tobias Zingg David Fuks Jean-Pierre Venetz Damien Maier Maurice Matter Fabio Becce |
| author_sort | David Martin |
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| description | BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) imaging is a useful tool for assessing skeletal muscle mass and quality. The present study aimed to determine age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based skeletal muscle markers in a healthy population, and to correlate them with serum creatinine and 24-h urinary creatinine excretion (24h-UCE).MethodsSkeletal muscle index (SMI) - a marker of muscle mass/quantity - and skeletal muscle radiation attenuation (SMRA) and intermuscular adipose tissue index (IMATI) - markers of muscle quality/myosteatosis - were determined using a deep-learning-based method from axial CT images at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra in living kidney donors assessed between 01/2005 and 05/2023. Age- and sex-specific reference values were determined by the 5th percentile, and correlation was tested with the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsCT scans of 394 healthy individuals were included. The mean age was 53 years (SD 12), mean BMI was 25.2 kg/m2 (SD 3.9), and 130 patients (33%) were male. The reference values for low skeletal muscle mass (SMI) in males were 43.7 cm2/m2 (20–39 years), 44.9 cm2/m2 (40–59 years), and 39.7 cm2/m2 (≥60 years). In females, the corresponding values were 33.8 cm2/m2 (20–39 years), 34.8 cm2/m2 (40–59 years), and 31.2 cm2/m2 (≥60 years). SMI showed a moderate correlation with serum creatinine (r = 0.452, p < 0.001) but a weak correlation with 24h-UCE (r = 0.188, p = 0.003). Correlations were all weak for SMRA (creatinine: r = 0.220, p < 0.001; 24h-UCE: r = 0.177, p = 0.006) and IMATI (creatinine: r = −0.101, p = 0.054; 24h-UCE, r = −0.108, p = 0.093).ConclusionThe age- and sex-specific reference values reported here could be used in clinical practice and future studies to identify patients at risk of muscle decline. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f438adaa97c4119b427320faac9db14 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9f438adaa97c4119b427320faac9db142025-08-20T02:18:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2025-04-011610.3389/fphys.2025.15664631566463Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donorsDavid Martin0Paola Dolce1Martin Hübner2Tobias Zingg3David Fuks4Jean-Pierre Venetz5Damien Maier6Maurice Matter7Fabio Becce8Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Transplantation, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, SwitzerlandBackgroundComputed tomography (CT) imaging is a useful tool for assessing skeletal muscle mass and quality. The present study aimed to determine age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based skeletal muscle markers in a healthy population, and to correlate them with serum creatinine and 24-h urinary creatinine excretion (24h-UCE).MethodsSkeletal muscle index (SMI) - a marker of muscle mass/quantity - and skeletal muscle radiation attenuation (SMRA) and intermuscular adipose tissue index (IMATI) - markers of muscle quality/myosteatosis - were determined using a deep-learning-based method from axial CT images at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra in living kidney donors assessed between 01/2005 and 05/2023. Age- and sex-specific reference values were determined by the 5th percentile, and correlation was tested with the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsCT scans of 394 healthy individuals were included. The mean age was 53 years (SD 12), mean BMI was 25.2 kg/m2 (SD 3.9), and 130 patients (33%) were male. The reference values for low skeletal muscle mass (SMI) in males were 43.7 cm2/m2 (20–39 years), 44.9 cm2/m2 (40–59 years), and 39.7 cm2/m2 (≥60 years). In females, the corresponding values were 33.8 cm2/m2 (20–39 years), 34.8 cm2/m2 (40–59 years), and 31.2 cm2/m2 (≥60 years). SMI showed a moderate correlation with serum creatinine (r = 0.452, p < 0.001) but a weak correlation with 24h-UCE (r = 0.188, p = 0.003). Correlations were all weak for SMRA (creatinine: r = 0.220, p < 0.001; 24h-UCE: r = 0.177, p = 0.006) and IMATI (creatinine: r = −0.101, p = 0.054; 24h-UCE, r = −0.108, p = 0.093).ConclusionThe age- and sex-specific reference values reported here could be used in clinical practice and future studies to identify patients at risk of muscle decline.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1566463/fullliving kidney donorcomputed tomographymuscle massmuscle qualitymyosteatosis |
| spellingShingle | David Martin Paola Dolce Martin Hübner Tobias Zingg David Fuks Jean-Pierre Venetz Damien Maier Maurice Matter Fabio Becce Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors Frontiers in Physiology living kidney donor computed tomography muscle mass muscle quality myosteatosis |
| title | Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors |
| title_full | Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors |
| title_fullStr | Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors |
| title_short | Age- and sex-specific reference values for CT-based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors |
| title_sort | age and sex specific reference values for ct based low skeletal muscle quantity and quality in healthy living kidney donors |
| topic | living kidney donor computed tomography muscle mass muscle quality myosteatosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1566463/full |
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