Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly

Background: Ozone pollution has increased alongside China’s economic development, contributing to public health issues such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At present, the problem of an aging population is aggravated, which is worth more attention in terms of the health problems of e...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tianyun Wang, Junlong Wang, Li Sun, Ye Deng, Yuting Xiang, Yuting Wang, Jiamei Chen, Wen Peng, Yuanyao Cui, Miao He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/3/184
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850280382586421248
author Tianyun Wang
Junlong Wang
Li Sun
Ye Deng
Yuting Xiang
Yuting Wang
Jiamei Chen
Wen Peng
Yuanyao Cui
Miao He
author_facet Tianyun Wang
Junlong Wang
Li Sun
Ye Deng
Yuting Xiang
Yuting Wang
Jiamei Chen
Wen Peng
Yuanyao Cui
Miao He
author_sort Tianyun Wang
collection DOAJ
description Background: Ozone pollution has increased alongside China’s economic development, contributing to public health issues such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At present, the problem of an aging population is aggravated, which is worth more attention in terms of the health problems of elderly people. Methods: This study employed a distributional lag nonlinear model (DLNM) with Poisson regression to analyze the impact of ozone on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality among the elderly in Shenyang, China, from 2014 to 2018. In addition, a time-series generalized additive regression model (GAM) was used to analyze the joint effect between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone. Results: We found a positive correlation between ozone and mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly. The maximum relative risk (RR) of mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for every 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in ozone was 1.005 (95% CI: 1.002–1.008). Males (RR: 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007–1.030), individuals in unconventional marital status (RR: 1.024, 95% CI: 1.011–1.038), and outdoor workers (RR: 1.017, 95% CI: 1.002–1.031) were more vulnerable to ozone pollution. This study did not find significant differences in the impact of ozone pollution on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality risks among different educational groups. Additionally, a joint effect between ozone and PM<sub>2.5</sub> was observed. Conclusion: This study confirms that ozone exposure is positively associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It emphasizes the joint effect of ozone and PM<sub>2.5</sub> in exacerbating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality.
format Article
id doaj-art-9f3fb042b8db41cab67c46b03fd456e2
institution OA Journals
issn 2305-6304
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Toxics
spelling doaj-art-9f3fb042b8db41cab67c46b03fd456e22025-08-20T01:48:46ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-02-0113318410.3390/toxics13030184Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the ElderlyTianyun Wang0Junlong Wang1Li Sun2Ye Deng3Yuting Xiang4Yuting Wang5Jiamei Chen6Wen Peng7Yuanyao Cui8Miao He9Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110005, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110005, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaLiaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Physical Factors and Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, ChinaBackground: Ozone pollution has increased alongside China’s economic development, contributing to public health issues such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At present, the problem of an aging population is aggravated, which is worth more attention in terms of the health problems of elderly people. Methods: This study employed a distributional lag nonlinear model (DLNM) with Poisson regression to analyze the impact of ozone on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality among the elderly in Shenyang, China, from 2014 to 2018. In addition, a time-series generalized additive regression model (GAM) was used to analyze the joint effect between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone. Results: We found a positive correlation between ozone and mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly. The maximum relative risk (RR) of mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for every 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in ozone was 1.005 (95% CI: 1.002–1.008). Males (RR: 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007–1.030), individuals in unconventional marital status (RR: 1.024, 95% CI: 1.011–1.038), and outdoor workers (RR: 1.017, 95% CI: 1.002–1.031) were more vulnerable to ozone pollution. This study did not find significant differences in the impact of ozone pollution on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality risks among different educational groups. Additionally, a joint effect between ozone and PM<sub>2.5</sub> was observed. Conclusion: This study confirms that ozone exposure is positively associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It emphasizes the joint effect of ozone and PM<sub>2.5</sub> in exacerbating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/3/184O<sub>3</sub>PM<sub>2.5</sub>joint effectcardiovascular diseasecerebrovascular disease
spellingShingle Tianyun Wang
Junlong Wang
Li Sun
Ye Deng
Yuting Xiang
Yuting Wang
Jiamei Chen
Wen Peng
Yuanyao Cui
Miao He
Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
Toxics
O<sub>3</sub>
PM<sub>2.5</sub>
joint effect
cardiovascular disease
cerebrovascular disease
title Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
title_full Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
title_fullStr Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
title_short Effect of Ozone Exposure on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
title_sort effect of ozone exposure on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality in the elderly
topic O<sub>3</sub>
PM<sub>2.5</sub>
joint effect
cardiovascular disease
cerebrovascular disease
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/3/184
work_keys_str_mv AT tianyunwang effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT junlongwang effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT lisun effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT yedeng effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT yutingxiang effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT yutingwang effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT jiameichen effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT wenpeng effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT yuanyaocui effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly
AT miaohe effectofozoneexposureoncardiovascularandcerebrovasculardiseasemortalityintheelderly