SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
Infections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of...
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| Format: | Article |
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PAGEPress Publications
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mjhid.org/index.php/mjhid/article/view/3953 |
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| author | Giovanna Cannas |
| author_facet | Giovanna Cannas |
| author_sort | Giovanna Cannas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of infectious complications is highest in children with a palpable spleen before 6 months of age. Functional splenectomy, the results of repeated splenic infarctions, appears to be an important host-defense defect. Infection is the leading cause of death, particularly in less developed countries. Defective host-defense mechanisms enhance the risk of pneumococcal complications. Susceptibility to Salmonella infections can be explained at least in part by a similar mechanism. In high-income countries, the efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine has been demonstrated in this disease. A decreased in infection incidence has been noted in SCD patients treated prophylactically with daily oral penicillin. Studies in low-income countries suggest the involvement of a different spectrum of etiological agents. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f0bf5fcbad741a48aae9f4ba9d99ba2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2035-3006 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-9f0bf5fcbad741a48aae9f4ba9d99ba22025-08-20T02:38:53ZengPAGEPress PublicationsMediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases2035-30062019-06-0111110.4084/mjhid.2019.042SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIESGiovanna CannasInfections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of infectious complications is highest in children with a palpable spleen before 6 months of age. Functional splenectomy, the results of repeated splenic infarctions, appears to be an important host-defense defect. Infection is the leading cause of death, particularly in less developed countries. Defective host-defense mechanisms enhance the risk of pneumococcal complications. Susceptibility to Salmonella infections can be explained at least in part by a similar mechanism. In high-income countries, the efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine has been demonstrated in this disease. A decreased in infection incidence has been noted in SCD patients treated prophylactically with daily oral penicillin. Studies in low-income countries suggest the involvement of a different spectrum of etiological agents.https://www.mjhid.org/index.php/mjhid/article/view/3953Sickle cell disease; infections; prognosis; prophylaxis; socio-economics. |
| spellingShingle | Giovanna Cannas SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Sickle cell disease; infections; prognosis; prophylaxis; socio-economics. |
| title | SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES |
| title_full | SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES |
| title_fullStr | SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES |
| title_full_unstemmed | SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES |
| title_short | SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES |
| title_sort | sickle cell disease and infections in high and low income countries |
| topic | Sickle cell disease; infections; prognosis; prophylaxis; socio-economics. |
| url | https://www.mjhid.org/index.php/mjhid/article/view/3953 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giovannacannas sicklecelldiseaseandinfectionsinhighandlowincomecountries |