SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES

Infections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Giovanna Cannas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PAGEPress Publications 2019-06-01
Series:Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mjhid.org/index.php/mjhid/article/view/3953
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850106164226818048
author Giovanna Cannas
author_facet Giovanna Cannas
author_sort Giovanna Cannas
collection DOAJ
description Infections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of infectious complications is highest in children with a palpable spleen before 6 months of age. Functional splenectomy, the results of repeated splenic infarctions, appears to be an important host-defense defect. Infection is the leading cause of death, particularly in less developed countries. Defective host-defense mechanisms enhance the risk of pneumococcal complications. Susceptibility to Salmonella infections can be explained at least in part by a similar mechanism. In high-income countries, the efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine has been demonstrated in this disease. A decreased in infection incidence has been noted in SCD patients treated prophylactically with daily oral penicillin. Studies in low-income countries suggest the involvement of a different spectrum of etiological agents.
format Article
id doaj-art-9f0bf5fcbad741a48aae9f4ba9d99ba2
institution OA Journals
issn 2035-3006
language English
publishDate 2019-06-01
publisher PAGEPress Publications
record_format Article
series Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
spelling doaj-art-9f0bf5fcbad741a48aae9f4ba9d99ba22025-08-20T02:38:53ZengPAGEPress PublicationsMediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases2035-30062019-06-0111110.4084/mjhid.2019.042SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIESGiovanna CannasInfections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of infectious complications is highest in children with a palpable spleen before 6 months of age. Functional splenectomy, the results of repeated splenic infarctions, appears to be an important host-defense defect. Infection is the leading cause of death, particularly in less developed countries. Defective host-defense mechanisms enhance the risk of pneumococcal complications. Susceptibility to Salmonella infections can be explained at least in part by a similar mechanism. In high-income countries, the efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine has been demonstrated in this disease. A decreased in infection incidence has been noted in SCD patients treated prophylactically with daily oral penicillin. Studies in low-income countries suggest the involvement of a different spectrum of etiological agents.https://www.mjhid.org/index.php/mjhid/article/view/3953Sickle cell disease; infections; prognosis; prophylaxis; socio-economics.
spellingShingle Giovanna Cannas
SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
Sickle cell disease; infections; prognosis; prophylaxis; socio-economics.
title SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
title_full SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
title_fullStr SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
title_full_unstemmed SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
title_short SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
title_sort sickle cell disease and infections in high and low income countries
topic Sickle cell disease; infections; prognosis; prophylaxis; socio-economics.
url https://www.mjhid.org/index.php/mjhid/article/view/3953
work_keys_str_mv AT giovannacannas sicklecelldiseaseandinfectionsinhighandlowincomecountries