Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses

Abstract Background Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease, primarily affecting the lungs, with a prognosis that varies widely among patients. While some patients recover spontaneously after diagnosis, others experience disease progression. Currently, the metabolomic profile associated with...

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Main Authors: Dafu Zhu, Jianglong Chen, Li Zhang, Hongxu Li, Jingyi Wang, Jiacui Song, Dong Weng, Pengcheng Zhang, Qiuhong Li, Yuan Zhang, Mengmeng Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Pulmonary Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03863-y
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author Dafu Zhu
Jianglong Chen
Li Zhang
Hongxu Li
Jingyi Wang
Jiacui Song
Dong Weng
Pengcheng Zhang
Qiuhong Li
Yuan Zhang
Mengmeng Zhao
author_facet Dafu Zhu
Jianglong Chen
Li Zhang
Hongxu Li
Jingyi Wang
Jiacui Song
Dong Weng
Pengcheng Zhang
Qiuhong Li
Yuan Zhang
Mengmeng Zhao
author_sort Dafu Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease, primarily affecting the lungs, with a prognosis that varies widely among patients. While some patients recover spontaneously after diagnosis, others experience disease progression. Currently, the metabolomic profile associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis and its different clinical outcomes remains poorly understood. Methods Serum samples from 29 pulmonary sarcoidosis patients and 10 healthy controls were analyzed using untargeted UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified differentially expressed metabolites, followed by pathway enrichment to evaluate their biological relevance. Patients were further stratified into self-healing (n = 11) and progressive (n = 18) subgroups based on prognosis. Differential metabolites between subgroups were compared, potential biomarkers were selected, and their diagnostic performance assessed. Correlations with clinical parameters were also analyzed to explore associations with disease progression. Results Sarcoidosis patients showed distinct serum metabolic profiles compared to healthy controls, with 10 upregulated and 199 downregulated metabolites. Pathway analysis indicated enrichment in amino acid, lipid, and immune-related pathways. Between prognostic subgroups, 25 differential metabolites were identified. Uric acid, testosterone sulfate, allopregnanolone sulfate, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 emerged as key metabolites with prognostic value and moderate correlations with clinical parameters. Conclusions This study highlights distinct serum metabolic profiles associated with sarcoidosis prognosis, suggesting that specific metabolic alterations may aid in monitoring and predicting disease outcomes. These findings offer a foundation for future research into personalized treatment and management strategies.
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spelling doaj-art-9f0135fe501d4d88a11f7beecd70979c2025-08-20T04:01:44ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662025-08-0125111210.1186/s12890-025-03863-ySerum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognosesDafu Zhu0Jianglong Chen1Li Zhang2Hongxu Li3Jingyi Wang4Jiacui Song5Dong Weng6Pengcheng Zhang7Qiuhong Li8Yuan Zhang9Mengmeng Zhao10Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversitySchool of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversitySchool of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech UniversitySchool of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversitySchool of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityAbstract Background Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease, primarily affecting the lungs, with a prognosis that varies widely among patients. While some patients recover spontaneously after diagnosis, others experience disease progression. Currently, the metabolomic profile associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis and its different clinical outcomes remains poorly understood. Methods Serum samples from 29 pulmonary sarcoidosis patients and 10 healthy controls were analyzed using untargeted UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified differentially expressed metabolites, followed by pathway enrichment to evaluate their biological relevance. Patients were further stratified into self-healing (n = 11) and progressive (n = 18) subgroups based on prognosis. Differential metabolites between subgroups were compared, potential biomarkers were selected, and their diagnostic performance assessed. Correlations with clinical parameters were also analyzed to explore associations with disease progression. Results Sarcoidosis patients showed distinct serum metabolic profiles compared to healthy controls, with 10 upregulated and 199 downregulated metabolites. Pathway analysis indicated enrichment in amino acid, lipid, and immune-related pathways. Between prognostic subgroups, 25 differential metabolites were identified. Uric acid, testosterone sulfate, allopregnanolone sulfate, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 emerged as key metabolites with prognostic value and moderate correlations with clinical parameters. Conclusions This study highlights distinct serum metabolic profiles associated with sarcoidosis prognosis, suggesting that specific metabolic alterations may aid in monitoring and predicting disease outcomes. These findings offer a foundation for future research into personalized treatment and management strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03863-ySarcoidosisMetabolomicsPrognosisUPLC-MS/MSSerum
spellingShingle Dafu Zhu
Jianglong Chen
Li Zhang
Hongxu Li
Jingyi Wang
Jiacui Song
Dong Weng
Pengcheng Zhang
Qiuhong Li
Yuan Zhang
Mengmeng Zhao
Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses
BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Sarcoidosis
Metabolomics
Prognosis
UPLC-MS/MS
Serum
title Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses
title_full Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses
title_fullStr Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses
title_full_unstemmed Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses
title_short Serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis: metabolic signatures across prognoses
title_sort serum metabolomics in pulmonary sarcoidosis metabolic signatures across prognoses
topic Sarcoidosis
Metabolomics
Prognosis
UPLC-MS/MS
Serum
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03863-y
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