Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization

The development of an instrumented patellar prosthesis, able to measure the contact forces at the patellofemoral joint, can significantly aid in investigating the causes of total knee arthroplasty failures due to patellar complications. This study focuses on developing and validating an instrumented...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vera Maioli, Matteo Zauli, Angelo Cappello, Luca Cristofolini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/4/1226
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850231546121814016
author Vera Maioli
Matteo Zauli
Angelo Cappello
Luca Cristofolini
author_facet Vera Maioli
Matteo Zauli
Angelo Cappello
Luca Cristofolini
author_sort Vera Maioli
collection DOAJ
description The development of an instrumented patellar prosthesis, able to measure the contact forces at the patellofemoral joint, can significantly aid in investigating the causes of total knee arthroplasty failures due to patellar complications. This study focuses on developing and validating an instrumented patellar prosthesis to measure contact forces in the patellofemoral joint. A piezoresistive force sensor was characterized and integrated into a conditioning circuit, with the aim of its implementation in the prosthesis. To measure medial and lateral forces independently, the sensors were trimmed in half. Compression tests (up to 2000 N) assessed sensor performance in terms of linearity (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.998 intact vs. 0.989 trimmed), repeatability (0.9% intact vs. 0.8% trimmed), and accuracy (1.7% intact vs. 2.3% trimmed) for forces up to 250 N. Higher force levels resulted in increased errors, but at a rate still comparable to that of existing sensors in the literature. Key considerations for the design of the instrumented prosthesis, such as minimizing point and shear loads, were identified. A prototype prosthesis capable of housing the sensor was proposed. The integrated system shows potential for improving the understanding of Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) failures through in vitro studies and could serve as an intraoperative tool for the evaluation of bone resections.
format Article
id doaj-art-9efb8c471dab44deb16d290f0df497bd
institution OA Journals
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-9efb8c471dab44deb16d290f0df497bd2025-08-20T02:03:30ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-02-01254122610.3390/s25041226Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and CharacterizationVera Maioli0Matteo Zauli1Angelo Cappello2Luca Cristofolini3Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Umberto Terracini 24-28, 40131 Bologna, ItalyCIRI ICT, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Umberto Terracini 24-28, 40131 Bologna, ItalyThe development of an instrumented patellar prosthesis, able to measure the contact forces at the patellofemoral joint, can significantly aid in investigating the causes of total knee arthroplasty failures due to patellar complications. This study focuses on developing and validating an instrumented patellar prosthesis to measure contact forces in the patellofemoral joint. A piezoresistive force sensor was characterized and integrated into a conditioning circuit, with the aim of its implementation in the prosthesis. To measure medial and lateral forces independently, the sensors were trimmed in half. Compression tests (up to 2000 N) assessed sensor performance in terms of linearity (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.998 intact vs. 0.989 trimmed), repeatability (0.9% intact vs. 0.8% trimmed), and accuracy (1.7% intact vs. 2.3% trimmed) for forces up to 250 N. Higher force levels resulted in increased errors, but at a rate still comparable to that of existing sensors in the literature. Key considerations for the design of the instrumented prosthesis, such as minimizing point and shear loads, were identified. A prototype prosthesis capable of housing the sensor was proposed. The integrated system shows potential for improving the understanding of Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) failures through in vitro studies and could serve as an intraoperative tool for the evaluation of bone resections.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/4/1226piezoresistiveforce sensorinstrumented prosthesispatellapatellofemoral jointtotal knee arthroplasty
spellingShingle Vera Maioli
Matteo Zauli
Angelo Cappello
Luca Cristofolini
Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization
Sensors
piezoresistive
force sensor
instrumented prosthesis
patella
patellofemoral joint
total knee arthroplasty
title Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization
title_full Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization
title_fullStr Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization
title_full_unstemmed Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization
title_short Force Sensor for Instrumented Patellar Prostheses: Development and Characterization
title_sort force sensor for instrumented patellar prostheses development and characterization
topic piezoresistive
force sensor
instrumented prosthesis
patella
patellofemoral joint
total knee arthroplasty
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/4/1226
work_keys_str_mv AT veramaioli forcesensorforinstrumentedpatellarprosthesesdevelopmentandcharacterization
AT matteozauli forcesensorforinstrumentedpatellarprosthesesdevelopmentandcharacterization
AT angelocappello forcesensorforinstrumentedpatellarprosthesesdevelopmentandcharacterization
AT lucacristofolini forcesensorforinstrumentedpatellarprosthesesdevelopmentandcharacterization