Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now
Male infertility has seen an increase in prevalence with cases of azoospermia estimated to affect 10%–15% of infertile men. Confirmation of azoospermia subsequently necessitates an early causal differentiation between obstructive azoospermia (OA) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Although less c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Asian Journal of Andrology |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aja202475 |
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| author | Logan Hubbard Amarnath Rambhatla Giovanni M Colpi |
| author_facet | Logan Hubbard Amarnath Rambhatla Giovanni M Colpi |
| author_sort | Logan Hubbard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Male infertility has seen an increase in prevalence with cases of azoospermia estimated to affect 10%–15% of infertile men. Confirmation of azoospermia subsequently necessitates an early causal differentiation between obstructive azoospermia (OA) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Although less common when compared to NOA, OA can represent upward 20%–40% of cases of azoospermia. While there are a multitude of etiologies responsible for causing NOA and OA, correctly distinguishing between the two types of azoospermia has profound implications in managing the infertile male. This review represents an amalgamation of the current guidelines and literature which will supply the reproductive physician with a diagnostic armamentarium to properly distinguish between NOA and OA, therefore providing the best possible care to the infertile couple. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9ee93badb6f142c59deb36e690813d67 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1008-682X 1745-7262 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Journal of Andrology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9ee93badb6f142c59deb36e690813d672025-08-20T02:01:57ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAsian Journal of Andrology1008-682X1745-72622025-05-0127329830610.4103/aja202475Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and nowLogan HubbardAmarnath RambhatlaGiovanni M ColpiMale infertility has seen an increase in prevalence with cases of azoospermia estimated to affect 10%–15% of infertile men. Confirmation of azoospermia subsequently necessitates an early causal differentiation between obstructive azoospermia (OA) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Although less common when compared to NOA, OA can represent upward 20%–40% of cases of azoospermia. While there are a multitude of etiologies responsible for causing NOA and OA, correctly distinguishing between the two types of azoospermia has profound implications in managing the infertile male. This review represents an amalgamation of the current guidelines and literature which will supply the reproductive physician with a diagnostic armamentarium to properly distinguish between NOA and OA, therefore providing the best possible care to the infertile couple.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aja202475male factor infertilitynonobstructive azoospermiaobstructive azoospermia |
| spellingShingle | Logan Hubbard Amarnath Rambhatla Giovanni M Colpi Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now Asian Journal of Andrology male factor infertility nonobstructive azoospermia obstructive azoospermia |
| title | Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now |
| title_full | Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now |
| title_fullStr | Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now |
| title_short | Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now |
| title_sort | differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia then and now |
| topic | male factor infertility nonobstructive azoospermia obstructive azoospermia |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aja202475 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT loganhubbard differentiationbetweennonobstructiveazoospermiaandobstructiveazoospermiathenandnow AT amarnathrambhatla differentiationbetweennonobstructiveazoospermiaandobstructiveazoospermiathenandnow AT giovannimcolpi differentiationbetweennonobstructiveazoospermiaandobstructiveazoospermiathenandnow |