Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study

Background: To optimize a novel composite scaffold comprising of nano phosphorylated pullulan incorporated carboxymethyl chitosan (nPP-CMC) and to evaluate its cell viability and proliferation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methodology: Nano phosphorylated pullulan (nPP) in concentrations...

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Main Authors: M Sornamalar, C Dhanavel, G Balavaishnavi, Shahana Shajahan, Kavya Baskar, S Vijaya Raja
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_24
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author M Sornamalar
C Dhanavel
G Balavaishnavi
Shahana Shajahan
Kavya Baskar
S Vijaya Raja
author_facet M Sornamalar
C Dhanavel
G Balavaishnavi
Shahana Shajahan
Kavya Baskar
S Vijaya Raja
author_sort M Sornamalar
collection DOAJ
description Background: To optimize a novel composite scaffold comprising of nano phosphorylated pullulan incorporated carboxymethyl chitosan (nPP-CMC) and to evaluate its cell viability and proliferation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methodology: Nano phosphorylated pullulan (nPP) in concentrations of 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, 800 mg, and 1 g was vortexed in 20 mL of distilled water, followed by 30 mins of ultrasonication for even dispersion. 1 g of CMC was added to each nPP mixture, blended for 1 hour to form a hydrogel, and freeze-dried for 18 hours at -20°C to yield nPP-CMC scaffolds in ratios of 1:5, 2:5, 3:5, 4:5, and 1:1. These scaffolds were stored at room temperature. The scaffolds were characterized using SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and XRD. The optimized nPP-CMC (group 1), CMC (group 2), and osteogenic medium (group 3) were tested for cell viability with hDPSCs using the MTT assay at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Results: Based on the results of MTT assay, the cell viability and proliferation of nPP-CMC scaffold was comparable to that of CMC in the tested time intervals of 7 and 14 days. The 4:5 nPP-CMC revealed a favourable pore size (60–180 μm) that was suitable for cell seeding and was chosen for further experiments. Cell viability/proliferation rates of hDPSCs loaded 4:5 HAnp- CMC at 21st day was significantly greater than that at 7th day (P < .05). Conclusion: Hence, within the limitations of this in vitro study, it could be concluded that the novel experimental scaffold comprising of nPP-CMC (4:5) is an effective biomaterial that possess good bioactivity and biocompatibility properties. Thus, nPP-CMC biomaterial will have a great futuristic potential for regeneration of pulp dentin complex.
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spelling doaj-art-9eaae955ba6d4c818735c4c00c47c6402025-08-20T02:13:52ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0976-48790975-74062024-12-0116Suppl 5S4563S456710.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_24Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro StudyM SornamalarC DhanavelG BalavaishnaviShahana ShajahanKavya BaskarS Vijaya RajaBackground: To optimize a novel composite scaffold comprising of nano phosphorylated pullulan incorporated carboxymethyl chitosan (nPP-CMC) and to evaluate its cell viability and proliferation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methodology: Nano phosphorylated pullulan (nPP) in concentrations of 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, 800 mg, and 1 g was vortexed in 20 mL of distilled water, followed by 30 mins of ultrasonication for even dispersion. 1 g of CMC was added to each nPP mixture, blended for 1 hour to form a hydrogel, and freeze-dried for 18 hours at -20°C to yield nPP-CMC scaffolds in ratios of 1:5, 2:5, 3:5, 4:5, and 1:1. These scaffolds were stored at room temperature. The scaffolds were characterized using SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and XRD. The optimized nPP-CMC (group 1), CMC (group 2), and osteogenic medium (group 3) were tested for cell viability with hDPSCs using the MTT assay at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Results: Based on the results of MTT assay, the cell viability and proliferation of nPP-CMC scaffold was comparable to that of CMC in the tested time intervals of 7 and 14 days. The 4:5 nPP-CMC revealed a favourable pore size (60–180 μm) that was suitable for cell seeding and was chosen for further experiments. Cell viability/proliferation rates of hDPSCs loaded 4:5 HAnp- CMC at 21st day was significantly greater than that at 7th day (P < .05). Conclusion: Hence, within the limitations of this in vitro study, it could be concluded that the novel experimental scaffold comprising of nPP-CMC (4:5) is an effective biomaterial that possess good bioactivity and biocompatibility properties. Thus, nPP-CMC biomaterial will have a great futuristic potential for regeneration of pulp dentin complex.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_24carboxymethylchitosanhuman dental pulp stem cellsnano phosphorylated pullulanpulpal cell viability
spellingShingle M Sornamalar
C Dhanavel
G Balavaishnavi
Shahana Shajahan
Kavya Baskar
S Vijaya Raja
Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
carboxymethylchitosan
human dental pulp stem cells
nano phosphorylated pullulan
pulpal cell viability
title Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study
title_full Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study
title_fullStr Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study
title_full_unstemmed Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study
title_short Nano Phosphorylated Pullulan-Integrated Carboxymethyl Chitosan Scaffold for Regeneration of the Pulp-Dentin Complex: An In vitro Study
title_sort nano phosphorylated pullulan integrated carboxymethyl chitosan scaffold for regeneration of the pulp dentin complex an in vitro study
topic carboxymethylchitosan
human dental pulp stem cells
nano phosphorylated pullulan
pulpal cell viability
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_24
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