Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health issue. Rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) on bacteria isolates would facilitate appropriate choice of antibiotics, in which patients receive appropriate treatment and the emergence of multidrug-resistant organ...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jenny Ka-Hei Wat, Miao Xu, Lang Nan, Haisong Lin, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Ho Cheung Shum, Sammer UƖ Hassan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2025-05-01
Series:Microsystems & Nanoengineering
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-00938-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850243728575299584
author Jenny Ka-Hei Wat
Miao Xu
Lang Nan
Haisong Lin
Kelvin Kai-Wang To
Ho Cheung Shum
Sammer UƖ Hassan
author_facet Jenny Ka-Hei Wat
Miao Xu
Lang Nan
Haisong Lin
Kelvin Kai-Wang To
Ho Cheung Shum
Sammer UƖ Hassan
author_sort Jenny Ka-Hei Wat
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health issue. Rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) on bacteria isolates would facilitate appropriate choice of antibiotics, in which patients receive appropriate treatment and the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms could be prevented simultaneously. In this study, we have developed a microfluidic device named Self Dilution for Faster Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (SDFAST). This SlipChip-based device consists of two layers of microchips, allowing injection of bacterial suspension and antibiotics by simply connecting the two chips. By slipping one microchip against another in a single press of the microchip, the antibiotics can be diluted within seconds and be well mixed with bacterial samples. By combining SDFAST with a water-soluble tetrazolium salt-8 (WST-8) assay, a range of clinically prevalent bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococci species, were tested under various antibiotics. Color analysis after 4–6 h of incubation showed an abrupt change in the WST-8 color of certain wells with diluted antibiotics, proving that instrument-free and immediate identification of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) could be achieved. The testing on 51 clinical isolates had an agreement of 92%, proving the accuracy of our method. These results validated its advantages of simple operation, rapid testing, and low sample consumption comparing to conventional methods, which require 16–24 h of incubation. Therefore, our method shows great potential to be further developed into a medical instrument for automated medical testing and point-of-care diagnosis.
format Article
id doaj-art-9ea99778cd224a89b8d9ae7718975bec
institution OA Journals
issn 2055-7434
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Publishing Group
record_format Article
series Microsystems & Nanoengineering
spelling doaj-art-9ea99778cd224a89b8d9ae7718975bec2025-08-20T01:59:56ZengNature Publishing GroupMicrosystems & Nanoengineering2055-74342025-05-0111111310.1038/s41378-025-00938-yRapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnosticsJenny Ka-Hei Wat0Miao Xu1Lang Nan2Haisong Lin3Kelvin Kai-Wang To4Ho Cheung Shum5Sammer UƖ Hassan6Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science ParkDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong KongSchool of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Engineering, Westlake UniversityState Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineAdvanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science ParkAdvanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science ParkAbstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health issue. Rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) on bacteria isolates would facilitate appropriate choice of antibiotics, in which patients receive appropriate treatment and the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms could be prevented simultaneously. In this study, we have developed a microfluidic device named Self Dilution for Faster Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (SDFAST). This SlipChip-based device consists of two layers of microchips, allowing injection of bacterial suspension and antibiotics by simply connecting the two chips. By slipping one microchip against another in a single press of the microchip, the antibiotics can be diluted within seconds and be well mixed with bacterial samples. By combining SDFAST with a water-soluble tetrazolium salt-8 (WST-8) assay, a range of clinically prevalent bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococci species, were tested under various antibiotics. Color analysis after 4–6 h of incubation showed an abrupt change in the WST-8 color of certain wells with diluted antibiotics, proving that instrument-free and immediate identification of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) could be achieved. The testing on 51 clinical isolates had an agreement of 92%, proving the accuracy of our method. These results validated its advantages of simple operation, rapid testing, and low sample consumption comparing to conventional methods, which require 16–24 h of incubation. Therefore, our method shows great potential to be further developed into a medical instrument for automated medical testing and point-of-care diagnosis.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-00938-y
spellingShingle Jenny Ka-Hei Wat
Miao Xu
Lang Nan
Haisong Lin
Kelvin Kai-Wang To
Ho Cheung Shum
Sammer UƖ Hassan
Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics
Microsystems & Nanoengineering
title Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics
title_full Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics
title_fullStr Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics
title_full_unstemmed Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics
title_short Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics
title_sort rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point of care diagnostics
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-00938-y
work_keys_str_mv AT jennykaheiwat rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics
AT miaoxu rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics
AT langnan rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics
AT haisonglin rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics
AT kelvinkaiwangto rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics
AT hocheungshum rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics
AT sammeruɩhassan rapidantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestsperformedbyselfdilutingmicrofluidicchipsfordrugresistancestudiesandpointofcarediagnostics