Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture
Tendon injuries significantly impact quality of life, prompting the exploration of innovative solutions beyond conventional surgery. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance tendon regeneration. In this study, human Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells (TSPCs) were isolat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21691401.2025.2475099 |
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| author | Marta Clerici Maria Camilla Ciardulli Erwin Pavel Lamparelli Joseph Lovecchio Emanuele Giordano Tina P. Dale Nicholas R. Forsyth Nicola Maffulli Giovanna Della Porta |
| author_facet | Marta Clerici Maria Camilla Ciardulli Erwin Pavel Lamparelli Joseph Lovecchio Emanuele Giordano Tina P. Dale Nicholas R. Forsyth Nicola Maffulli Giovanna Della Porta |
| author_sort | Marta Clerici |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tendon injuries significantly impact quality of life, prompting the exploration of innovative solutions beyond conventional surgery. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance tendon regeneration. In this study, human Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells (TSPCs) were isolated from surgical biopsies and cultured in a Growth-Differentiation Factor-5-supplemented medium to promote tenogenic differentiation under static and dynamic conditions using a custom-made perfusion bioreactor. Once at 80% confluence, cells were transitioned to a serum-free medium for conditioned media collection. Ultracentrifugation revealed the presence of vesicles with a 106 particles/mL concentration and sub-200nm diameter size. Dynamic culture yielded a 3-fold increase in EV protein content compared to static culture, as confirmed by Western-blot analysis. Differences in surface marker expression were also shown by flow cytometric analysis. Data suggest that we efficiently developed a protocol for extracting EVs from human TSPCs, particularly under dynamic conditions. This approach enhances EV protein content, offering potential therapeutic benefits for tendon regeneration. However, further research is needed to fully understand the role of EVs in tendon regeneration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9ea70ce6d15e4776a27611c53bab81bc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2169-1401 2169-141X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9ea70ce6d15e4776a27611c53bab81bc2025-08-20T03:05:25ZengTaylor & Francis GroupArtificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology2169-14012169-141X2025-12-0153111610.1080/21691401.2025.2475099Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic cultureMarta Clerici0Maria Camilla Ciardulli1Erwin Pavel Lamparelli2Joseph Lovecchio3Emanuele Giordano4Tina P. Dale5Nicholas R. Forsyth6Nicola Maffulli7Giovanna Della Porta8Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, ItalySchool of Science and Engineering, Reykjavík University, Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), University of Bologna, Cesena, ItalySchool of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UKSchool of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UKSchool of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UKDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, ItalyTendon injuries significantly impact quality of life, prompting the exploration of innovative solutions beyond conventional surgery. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance tendon regeneration. In this study, human Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells (TSPCs) were isolated from surgical biopsies and cultured in a Growth-Differentiation Factor-5-supplemented medium to promote tenogenic differentiation under static and dynamic conditions using a custom-made perfusion bioreactor. Once at 80% confluence, cells were transitioned to a serum-free medium for conditioned media collection. Ultracentrifugation revealed the presence of vesicles with a 106 particles/mL concentration and sub-200nm diameter size. Dynamic culture yielded a 3-fold increase in EV protein content compared to static culture, as confirmed by Western-blot analysis. Differences in surface marker expression were also shown by flow cytometric analysis. Data suggest that we efficiently developed a protocol for extracting EVs from human TSPCs, particularly under dynamic conditions. This approach enhances EV protein content, offering potential therapeutic benefits for tendon regeneration. However, further research is needed to fully understand the role of EVs in tendon regeneration.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21691401.2025.2475099Extracellular vesiclestendon stem/progenitor cellstendon tissue engineeringbioreactors |
| spellingShingle | Marta Clerici Maria Camilla Ciardulli Erwin Pavel Lamparelli Joseph Lovecchio Emanuele Giordano Tina P. Dale Nicholas R. Forsyth Nicola Maffulli Giovanna Della Porta Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology Extracellular vesicles tendon stem/progenitor cells tendon tissue engineering bioreactors |
| title | Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture |
| title_full | Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture |
| title_fullStr | Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture |
| title_short | Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture |
| title_sort | human tendon stem progenitor cell derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture |
| topic | Extracellular vesicles tendon stem/progenitor cells tendon tissue engineering bioreactors |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21691401.2025.2475099 |
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