Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon
Introduction: The rapid increase in Campylobacter strains resistant to antibiotics represents a major problem for public health. In Lebanon, campylobacteriosis is underdiagnosed since bacteria detection in stool samples is not performed routinely. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, sources...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/10729 |
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| author | Jose Noel Ibrahim Elias Eghnatios Ali El Roz Taher Fardoun Ghassan Ghssein |
| author_facet | Jose Noel Ibrahim Elias Eghnatios Ali El Roz Taher Fardoun Ghassan Ghssein |
| author_sort | Jose Noel Ibrahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction: The rapid increase in Campylobacter strains resistant to antibiotics represents a major problem for public health. In Lebanon, campylobacteriosis is underdiagnosed since bacteria detection in stool samples is not performed routinely. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, sources and routes of transmission, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter spp. in Lebanon.
Methodology: Stool samples collected from 1000 Lebanese patients with diarrhea, and 150 meat samples taken from supermarkets and slaughterhouses were subjected to Campylobacter detection. Colonies were identified by Gram staining, oxidase and catalase activities. They were then differentiated at the species level by hippurate test and PCR. Susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. to antibiotics was studied by the disc diffusion standard method.
Results: Campylobacter spp. were detected in 21.5% of stool samples; the main isolated species being C. jejuni (83.2%) and C. coli (13.9%). The highest Campylobacter infection rates were detected among children (41.8%) and during summer (31.6%). Consumption of contaminated meat and salads, and contact with animals represented the major risk factors for campylobacteriosis, with poultry carcasses and bovine cuts identified as the main bacteria reservoirs. Neither demographic determinants nor season had a major effect on the prevalence of campylobacteriosis. Erythromycin was the most active agent against Campylobacter spp. A multi-resistance rate was observed in 35.9% of isolates.
Conclusions: Campylobacteriosis is a major public health concern in Lebanon. Bacteria detection in stool culture should be performed routinely to allow an early diagnosis and a better monitoring of the disease and its burden.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9ea455a8dd054da18d56076b8c0972e7 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-9ea455a8dd054da18d56076b8c0972e72025-08-20T02:27:23ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802019-01-01130110.3855/jidc.10729Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in LebanonJose Noel Ibrahim0Elias Eghnatios1Ali El Roz2Taher Fardoun3Ghassan Ghssein4Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma, LebanonFaculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma, LebanonFaculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma, LebanonMashrek Medical Diagnosis Center, Tyre, LebanonFaculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma, Lebanon Introduction: The rapid increase in Campylobacter strains resistant to antibiotics represents a major problem for public health. In Lebanon, campylobacteriosis is underdiagnosed since bacteria detection in stool samples is not performed routinely. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, sources and routes of transmission, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter spp. in Lebanon. Methodology: Stool samples collected from 1000 Lebanese patients with diarrhea, and 150 meat samples taken from supermarkets and slaughterhouses were subjected to Campylobacter detection. Colonies were identified by Gram staining, oxidase and catalase activities. They were then differentiated at the species level by hippurate test and PCR. Susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. to antibiotics was studied by the disc diffusion standard method. Results: Campylobacter spp. were detected in 21.5% of stool samples; the main isolated species being C. jejuni (83.2%) and C. coli (13.9%). The highest Campylobacter infection rates were detected among children (41.8%) and during summer (31.6%). Consumption of contaminated meat and salads, and contact with animals represented the major risk factors for campylobacteriosis, with poultry carcasses and bovine cuts identified as the main bacteria reservoirs. Neither demographic determinants nor season had a major effect on the prevalence of campylobacteriosis. Erythromycin was the most active agent against Campylobacter spp. A multi-resistance rate was observed in 35.9% of isolates. Conclusions: Campylobacteriosis is a major public health concern in Lebanon. Bacteria detection in stool culture should be performed routinely to allow an early diagnosis and a better monitoring of the disease and its burden. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/10729Campylobacterdiarrheaprevalencerisk factorsantimicrobial resistanceLebanon |
| spellingShingle | Jose Noel Ibrahim Elias Eghnatios Ali El Roz Taher Fardoun Ghassan Ghssein Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Campylobacter diarrhea prevalence risk factors antimicrobial resistance Lebanon |
| title | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon |
| title_full | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon |
| title_short | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon |
| title_sort | prevalence antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in lebanon |
| topic | Campylobacter diarrhea prevalence risk factors antimicrobial resistance Lebanon |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/10729 |
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